大豆高油酸相关基因的克隆与FAD2家族基因的编辑

油酸是大豆油的重要组分，是人体必需脂肪酸，提高大豆油酸含量对于提高大豆食用油的稳定性及营养品质都具有重要作用；而阐明大豆油酸合成的分子机理是大豆油酸改良的基础，但这方面的研究还亟待加强。因此，本研究利用自然群体和重组自交系2种遗传群体，采用简易基因组测序技术，对油酸进行全基因组关联分析，筛选与油酸合成密切相关的稳定、主效SNP标记，克隆关键基因；另一方面，利用Crispr/Cas9技术对大豆FAD2家族基因的表达进行调控，阐明FAD2家族基因的功能，鉴定和筛选高油酸大豆突变体，为高油酸大豆品种的培育和种质创新提供理论依据和技术支撑。

As one of the essential fatty acids, oleic acid is an important component of soybean oil. It is stable in nature, not easy to oxidize and good for health. It plays an important role in improving the stability and nutritional quality of soybean edible oil to increase soybean oleic acid content. The molecular mechanism of soybean oleic acid synthesis is the basis for the improvement of soybean oleic acid, but the research in this area needs to be strengthened. Therefore, in this study, genomic association analysis of oleic acid was carried out by simple genome sequencing using natural population and recombinant inbred line population to screen stable and major SNP markers and clone key genes closely related to oleic acid synthesis. On the other hand, the expression of FAD2s will be regulated by Crispr/Cas9 technique, and the function of FAD2 gene was elucidated. The mutant of high oleic acid was identified and screened, which provided theoretical basis and technical support for the cultivation and germplasm innovation of high oleic soybean.