在国家自然科学基金“基于抗血小板活性成分体内过程分析的血府逐瘀汤物质基础研究”项目资助下，初步阐明了血府逐瘀汤抗血栓作用及活性成分，并提示血府逐瘀汤抗血栓作用与肠道菌群存在关联。针对此关键问题，继续以血府逐瘀汤为研究对象，以影响血栓形成的肠道菌群关键代谢物TMAO为切入点，聚焦TMAO生成和TMAO增加血小板高反应性两个关键点，提出“血府逐瘀汤‘肠中移行成分’调控肠道菌群减少TMA生成；‘血中移行成分’抑制黄素单加氧酶（FMOs）表达和活性、减少TMA向TMAO转化，抑制血小板激活抗血栓形成”的科学假说，集整合组学、高通量筛选、数据挖掘等技术，分析血府逐瘀汤调控肠道菌群TMA生成相关的“菌-酶-代谢物”网络，阐释“血中移行成分”对TMAO生成限速酶（FMOs）的影响，揭示血府逐瘀汤调控“肠道菌群-TMA-TMAO-血小板”通路的抗血栓作用机制，丰富血府逐瘀汤“多途径”、“多靶点”作用特点。

Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China ‘study of material basis of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction based on process analysis of antiplatelet constituents in vivo’, the study has proved the antithrombotic effect and the compounds with antiplatelet activity of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction. Also, it pointed out that gut flora and the antithrombotic effect of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction had a certain relationship. Aiming at this key question, we pay attention to TMAO and focus on TMAO generation and platelet hyperreactivity enhanced by TMAO by employing Xuefuzhuyu Decoction as model. The project puts forward the scientific hypothesis ‘transitional compounds in intestine of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction modulate gut flora to reduce TMA generation; absorbed compounds into blood of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction inhibit expression and activity of FMOs to ruduce the conversion from TMA to TMAO; therefore, thrombosis induced by platelet hyperreactivity would be alleviated. By employing the technologies and methods of integrated multi-omics, high throughput screening and data mining, the regulation of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction on the network of ‘gut flora-enzyme-metabolite’ related to TMA generation will be clarified. The impact of absorbed compounds into blood of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction on the rate-limiting enzyme (FMOs) related to TMAO generation will be illustrated. Antithrombotic mechanism of Xuefuzhuyu Decoction will be unveiled by regulating ‘gut flora-TMA-TMAO-platelet’ pathway. This project will conduce to the clarification of the scientific connotation of the characteristics of ‘multiple channels’ and ‘multiple targets’ in Xuefuzhuyu Decoction.