β淀粉样蛋白沉积形成的老年斑和Tau蛋白聚集神经元纤维缠结(NFTs)是阿尔茨海默病（AD）典型的病理特征，Aβ沉积激活小胶质细胞引起的神经炎症是AD重要的发病机制。本课题在既往18F-FDG、11C-PIB显像基础上从以下六个方面对其进行研究：1)合成18F-DPA714神经炎症分子探针及对其进行性能鉴定，优化标记条件，建立自动化合成工艺；2)正常动物体内分布及药物代谢动力学实验；3）放射自显影；4）应用Micro PET/CT显像技术活体显示APP/PS1双转基因AD小鼠小胶质细胞的激活；5）双转基因AD小鼠行为学与组织病理学及免疫组化检测；6）Micro PET/CT活体监测非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)对AD基因模型鼠的干预疗效。旨在建立AD以神经炎症为靶向的分子影像辅助诊断指标,并与葡萄糖、Aβ淀粉样斑块显像对比分析，为进一步AD发病机制的研究和抗炎干预的疗效监测提供实验依据。

Senile plagues derived from beta-amyloid (A-beta) protein deposition and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) derived from tau protein aggregation are the typical pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the substantial pathogenesis of which is the neuro-inflammation caused by microglia activated by the A-beta deposition. This project is going to study, with previous experience of 18F-FDG and 11C-PIB imaging, in the following 6 aspects: (1) The completion of the synthesize and performance testing of the new neuro-inflammatory radiotracer 18F-DPA714, and its labeling condition optimization to achieve an automatic synthesizing technique; (2) The performance of in vivo distribution and pharmacokinetic experiments on normal animals; (3) Autoradiography; (4) The demonstration of the microglia activation in APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice with the application of micro-PET/CT imaging; (5) Behavioristics observation together with histopathologic and immunohistochemical detection; (6) Micro PET/CT in vivo monitoring of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) curative effect on transgenic AD model mice. The main purpose of this study is to establish a supplementary diagnostic index by means of AD molecular imaging targeting neuro-inflammation, and to analyze with FDG and A-beta images, in order to provide experimental evidences for further study of AD pathogenesis and the anti-inflammation treatment monitoring.