低温和神经保护药物都具有神经保护作用，但是其在临床应用时都具有自身局限性。二者联合应用可以避免单独使用时的缺点且效果更好。我们前期研究发现区域性低温具有抑制细胞凋亡、降低梗死体积、减轻炎症反应等优点；而应用尼克酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶 (NAMPT) 可以降低缺血性脑卒中大鼠的梗死体积，改善神经功能评分。本课题拟采用大鼠脑缺血再灌注作为病理模型，利用区域性低温和NAMPT联合使用的方法，判定二者联合能否协同降低模型大鼠的梗死体积、改善模型大鼠的神经功能；评估区域性低温能否延长NAMPT治疗的时间窗和治疗效果；进一步分析联合应用后细胞凋亡、血管再生和神经再生情况，以确定区域性低温联合NAMPT治疗的神经保护作用机制，从而为下一步的临床转化提供实验依据。

Both hypothermia and neuroprotectants have neuro-protective effects. However, many factors will interfere the potential neuro-protective effects in clinical practice. The current study focuses on exerting the advantages and avoiding the disadvantages by combining the two interventions. Our previous studies found that local mild hypothermia decreased the cerebral infarction volume and lessened the inflammation reaction. Another study suggested that NAMPT had neuro-protective potential for focal cerebral ischemic stroke in rats. This study was designed to combine local mild hypothermia and NAMPT to treat rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Our goals are to find whether the combination therapy can decrease the infract volume and improve neurological function more efficiently, whether local mild hypothermia can extent the NAMPT treatment window and improve NAMPT efficacy. We also want to verify the hypothesis that neurogenesis and vascular regeneration are involved in the neuro-protective effects due to the combination of local mild hypothermia and NAMPT, which will pave the way for further clinical transformation.