纳米层状硅酸盐注浆在多孔介质中的扩散封堵机理及应用研究

地下水渗漏问题贯穿地下工程建设及使用全过程，严重影响结构的安全性和耐久性，甚至导致突涌事故，危及地下工程建设及城市运行安全。由于地下环境的隐蔽性和不确定性，现有注浆封堵技术存在注浆材料适用性不强、注浆渗流路径及封堵机理不清等问题，注浆封堵的时效性、可靠性、环保性和经济性均亟需提高。本项目创新性地选取无污染、易渗透、粘度可控且经济适用的纳米级层状硅酸盐材料，开展其在多孔介质中的扩散封堵机理及应用研究。利用微观测试和流变试验综合获得材料的结构表征特性、粘度时变规律和“固-液”相变特性；基于材料的微观和流变特性，通过物理模拟和电法监测再现纳米层状硅酸盐浆液在多孔介质中的渗透路径规律，揭示其扩散机制和留存封堵机理；基于上述机理研究，研发适用于注浆新材料的静探液压注浆装置，并依托实际工程开展现场试验，进一步验证其工程应用性。研究成果有望为精准、快速、高效的地下工程渗漏防治提供理论基础和技术支撑。

Groundwater leakage problem occurs through the construction and use process of underground engineering. It influences the safety and durability of the underground structures severely, and even leads to a sudden flood accident, thus threatening safe operation of urban underground engineering construction. Therefore, targeted quick seal is the key to the leakage control in underground engineering. But because of the concealment and uncertainty of the underground environment, the existing grouting material applicability for plugging technology is not strong. Moreover, the grouting seepage path and plugging mechanism are not clear, so the timeliness, reliability, environmental protection and economic efficiency of grouting plugging need to be improved. This project aims to seek and select an innovative nanoscale layered silicate material for grouting plugging, which is pollution-free, easy penetration, viscosity control and economy applicable. A series of research about leakage control key technology of underground engineering based on the nano layered silicate material will be carried out. The optimized formula of grouting material can be obtained through the rheological test and physical and mechanical tests. Based on the material properties, physical modeling test will be designed to study the theory of the seepage path and grouting plugging mechanism. Based on the results of grouting simulation and mechanism research, a novel static hydraulic grouting equipment suitable for nanoscale layered silicate material will be developed. Finally, a set of accurate, rapid and efficient groundwater seepage control technology relying on the actual engineering construction can be formed. The achievements of this study will provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of leakage of underground engineering and technical support.