高效便捷的水管理是维持燃料电池稳定放电的关键，然而传统控制方法局限于亲疏水性调节，对水蒸气的阻挡效果有限。燃料电池水管理的本质是在维持氧气扩散通量的前提下控制水及水蒸气的传输速度，即实现对O2/H2O的高选择性。本项目试图将膜分离领域的研究思想与成果引入水管理领域，借助分离膜对不同气体分子的选择透过性，实现透氧阻湿功能。项目拟首先进行单组分高分子膜与有机-无机复合膜的设计合成，借助气体分子通过膜的溶解-扩散、孔径筛分与表面扩散等机理，试图提高O2/H2O的选择透过性，并考察在实际工况下O2/H2O的传输迁移规律。进一步通过模拟仿真与燃料电池测试，考察分离膜在促进直接甲醇燃料电池阴极水分反向扩散与抑制金属/空气燃料电池阴极水分迁移等方面的应用效果。研究结果有助于深化对燃料电池水管理的认识，并对燃料电池的工程应用具有重要的指导意义。

Efficient and convenient water management is a key requirement to maintaining a stable operation of the fuel cells. However, the traditional control method is limited to the regulation of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, where the effect of moisture blocking is not ideal. The essence of fuel cell water management is to control the transmission rate of moisture while maintaining the oxygen diffusion flux, that is, to achieve a high selectivity for oxygen/moisture. This project attempts to introduce the research ideas and achievements in the field of membrane separation into the field of water management, and realize the function of oxygen permeability and moisture resistance by a membrane. The project plans to design and synthesize single-component polymer membranes and organic-inorganic composite membranes systematically, and attempts to improve the oxygen/moisture selectivity through the mechanism of dissolution-diffusion, pore size screening and surface diffusion of gas molecules through the membrane. The transport mechanism of oxygen/moisture will be investigated by experiment and simulation. Further, the application effect of the separation membrane in promoting the back diffusion of cathode water in direct methanol fuel cells and inhibiting the moisture migration in metal/air fuel cells will be evaluated. The research results are helpful to the deep understanding of fuel cell water management and have important guiding significance for the engineering application of fuel cells.