去合金化 (dealloying)是制备纳米多孔金属的主要方法，但通常条件下仅在液相中发生。本项目将去合金化扩展至固态，并提出固态去合金化的新概念。拟以Zr基、Ce基体系为主要对象，基于元素易氧化程度的差异，构建适于固态去合金化的前驱体合金；研究固态去合金化过程中活性元素氧化及惰性元素扩散的内在规律，明确纳米多孔金属的微观结构特征，探明固态去合金化过程的微观机制及纳米多孔金属的形成机理；进一步研究纳米多孔金属的气相催化和电催化性能，研究纳米多孔金对一氧化碳氧化的催化活性和动力学，明确残余元素和负载物对催化过程的影响，探索纳米多孔金本征催化活性的起源；研究纳米多孔金属对甲醇、乙醇等有机小分子氧化及阴极氧还原的电催化性能，阐明纳米多孔金属结构与电催化性能间的构效关系。本项目的研究结果，将为高性能纳米多孔金属的研制提供新途径，对推动纳米多孔金属在燃料电池、气相催化等领域的应用具有重要意义。

Dealloying is the main route to fabricate nanoporous metals, but it normally occurs in liquid solutions. The proposed project extends the concept of dealloying to solid, and the new concept of solid dealloying has been put forward. The Zr-based and Ce-based alloy systems have been selected as the main research objects. The precursor alloys suitable for solid dealloying will be designed, based upon the difference in oxidation degree of elements. We will investigate the inherent law on the oxidation of active element(s) as well as the diffusion of inert element(s). The microstructures of the obtained nanoporous metals will be characterized. We will probe the microstructural mechanism of solid dealloying and the formation mechanism of nanoporous metals. We will further investigate the gas-phase catalytic and electro-catalytic properties of the obtained nanoporous metals, and the catalytic activity and kinetics of CO oxidation of nanoporous gold. The influence of residual element and support on the catalytic process will be clarified, and the origin of intrinsic catalytic activity of nanoporous gold will be explored. We will also study the electro-catalytic properties of nanoporous metals towards oxidation of small organic molecules like methanol and ethanol as well as oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode. We will elucidate the structure-activity relationship between the microstructures of nanoporous metals and their electro-catalytic properties. The results of the proposed project will provide novel routes to fabricate high-performance nanoporous metals, and will play an important role in pushing forward the applications of nanoporous metals in fuel cells, gas-phase catalysis, and so forth.