RA心脏病变发生率高，死亡率高，发生机制复杂，缺乏有效的治疗手段，有必要对RA心脏病变进行系统深入研究。目前认为炎症为RA心脏病变的重要发病机制，TLR4/NF-κB信号通路是机体各种炎症反应的共同通路，该通路能促进各种炎性细胞因子基因表达，与RA心脏病变紧密相关，miR146a是TLR信号转导通路的抑制因子，在TLR介导的炎症免疫反应中起负反馈调节作用。本课题组根据"从脾治痹"理论，认为脾虚湿盛，气血亏虚，痰瘀互结是RA心脏病变的基本病机，提出益气健脾通络中药复方新风胶囊通过干预miR146a的表达，调控TLR4/NF-κB信号通路的某一个或多个环节来改善AA大鼠心脏病变的假说，并通过体内、体外实验，运用RT-qPCR、细胞转染、Western blot、免疫组化等技术，研究新风胶囊对miR146a及TLR4/NF-κB信号通路关键分子的影响，为中医药治疗RA心脏病变提供实验依据。

Morbidity and mortality rates are higher in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients than in the general population. Many studies have shown that heart disease is one of the most common causes of death in RA. It is necessary to study deeply on RA heart disease. Inflammatory is the key pathogenesis of RA heart disease , TLR4/NF- κB signal pathway is the common pathway for the various inflammatory reaction, the pathway can promote the expression of cytokines,that has closely associated with heart disease of RA.MiR146a,as a negative feedback regulation play an important role in the inflammatory immune reaction mediated by TLR.Our research group according to the " treat arthralgia from the spleen " theory, consider that the spleen dampness, deficiency of Qi and blood, phlegm and blood stasis is the basic pathogenesis of RA heart disease, and propose the hypothesis that the Xinfeng capsule can improve cardiac lesions in AA rats by regulate the expression of miR146a and one or more links in the TLR4/NF- B pathway. This topic design in vitro and in vivo experiments to verify the hypothesis.In vivo experiments,adjuvant arthritis rats as the research object, is divided into Xinfeng Capsule of high, middle, low dose groups, Tripterygium glucosides tablet group, MTX group, model group and normal group,observe the change of rats cardiac tissue morphology, ultrastructure of myocardium and cardiac function, use ELISA to detecting the expression level of TNF-α and IL-1of rats serum;Stem-loop real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to detect the miR-146a expression levels in serum and heart tissue;TLR4, MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NF- κB, TNF- α, IL-1 mRNA levels of serum and myocardium of rats were measured by real-time quantitative PCR ; TLR4, MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NF-κ B protein expression in myocardial tissue detected by Western Blotting. Analyse the relationship between indicators and miR-146a, cardiac function, study the effect of Xinfeng Capsule to AA rat cardiac lesions and miR146a, TLR4/NF- κB signal pathway.In vitro experiment ,cultured rat myocardial cells as the research object, exogenous TNF- stimulation method, serum intervention measures, divided into blank control group, TNF- αstimulation group, Xinfeng Capsule serum group, miRNA-146a inhibitor group, miRNA-146a missense chain group, TLR4 specific inhibitor group, NF- κB inhibitor group.The expression level of miR-146a in the myocardial cells was detected by Stem-loop RT-qPCR;The expression level of TLR4, MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NF- κB, TNF-α of myocardial cell were detected by immunohistochemical; The protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NF- κB, TNF- α of myocardial cell were detected by Western Blotting. The expression of IRAK1, TRAF6 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.This experimental study the immune regulation mechanism of Xinfeng Capsule on miR146a and TLR4/NF-κ B signal pathway, which provides the experimental basis for the Chinese medicine treatment of RA heart disease.