胸椎黄韧带骨化（OLF）是脊柱韧带骨化性疾病之一，是导致胸椎管狭窄的主要病理因素。OLF是脊柱黄韧带细胞向成骨细胞分化的过程，其发病机制尚不明确。FOXO1在细胞成骨分化过程起重要作用，但FOXO1是否参与调控OLF的病理过程目前尚没有研究报道。MicroRNAs通过调节下游靶基因，调控多种细胞过程。既往研究发现miR-132-3p/miR-196a-5p/miR-490-3p在后纵韧带骨化细胞中下调，且均靶向调控FOXO1。本研究拟收集OLF及对照组患者组织和血液样本，从细胞水平深入研究miR-132-3p/miR-196a-5p/miR-490-3p及FOXO1在黄韧带细胞中的相互作用关系以及对黄韧带细胞成骨分化的影响和具体作用机制。同时，检测FOXO1在黄韧带组织中的表达以及FOXO1 tagSNP位点与OLF的关联性。从而在遗传、组织、细胞水平详细阐明FOXO1在OLF中的机制。

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is one of the disorders of ossification of spinal ligament. The pathological process of OLF involves the differentiation of fibroblasts into osteoblasts, and the exact mechanism of OLF remains poorly understood. The FOXO1 affects the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts, and whether the FOXO1 is involved in the process of OLF has not been investigated. MicroRNAs regulate a variety of cell processes by targeting the downstream target gene, Previous studies have found that miR-132-3p/miR-196a-5p/miR-490-3p is down regulated in the cells from ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, and all of them are targeting FOXO1. In this study, OLF and control patients were collected for tissue and blood samples. The interaction between miR-132-3p/miR-196a-5p/miR-490-3p and FOXO1 and the effect on the differentiation and the mechanism in ligamentum flavum cells were studied. At the same time, we detected the expression of FOXO1 in the ligamentum flavum tissue and the association between FOXO1 tagSNP and OLF. and finally elucidate the mechanism of FOXO1 in OLF at the level of genetic, tissue and cell.