组织重塑是慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉CRSwNP的显著特征与发病诱因，且与复发相关。CRSwNP依据病理特征可分为嗜酸性粒细胞型CRSwNP（ECRSwNP）与非嗜酸性粒细胞型CRSwNP（nonECRSwNP）。二者组织重塑特征不同、相关因子表达谱不同，提示二者组织重塑调控机制存在差异。本团队前期研究表明1）半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂CST1在ECRSwNP中表达显著高于nonECRSwNP，其表达与胶原含量呈负相关；2）CST1能激活嗜酸性粒细胞释放MMP-1及MMP-9；3）白介素5（IL-5）参与CST1调控嗜酸性粒细胞，提示CST1在ECRSwNP组织重塑中发挥作用。本研究将以息肉细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞为研究对象，利用重组蛋白、酶活性模拟物、激酶特异性抑制剂及细胞因子中和抗体，探索CST1在组织重塑中的功能与机制。该研究有助于理解不同CRSwNP组织重塑差异的机制，为个体化治疗提供理论依据。

Tissue remodeling is one of the most important characteristics and involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Previous researches have divided CRSwNP into eosinophilic and noneosinophilic subtypes, the two demonstrating different remodeling characteristics and relative molecule profiles, indicating that the underlying mechanisms may be different. Our team has shown that 1）CST1, a cysteine protease inhibitor, was highly expressed in ECRSwNP compared with control and nonECRSwNP. Furthermore, the expression of CST1 was negatively correlated with collagen content; 2) CST1 could regulate MMP expression released by eosinophils; 3) Interleukin-5 (IL-5) was involved in the activation of eosinophils induced by CST1. This research will further investigate the role and mechanisms of CST1 in CRSwNP tissue remodeling, which will explore the different mechanisms between ECRSwNP and nonECRSwNP, providing a theoretical basis for precision medicine.