大范围活跃冰下湖和联通冰下水系、支撑冰盖的冰架系统的快速崩解和接地线大幅后撤等现象的发现使得东南极冰盖的快速变化成为全球海平面和气候变化研究的前沿问题。但是人们对这一变化的机制，特别是影响冰盖动力和底部过程的冰底环境，所知仍较为有限。Dome A 位于东南极冰盖分冰岭中心，是获取最古老冰芯的首选之地，与Lambert冰川、Amery冰架形成物质外输的主要通道。本项目以冰雷达对这一典型区域的探测为基础，利用电磁波传播理论，对Dome A区域的冰底环境进行研究。一方面从冰雷达的回波信号中根据信号的双程走时来反演冰盖的厚度信息；同时结合车载GPS数据获取冰盖底部的地形；另一方面结合冰盖的厚度与冰下地形信息研究雷达波在冰盖中的介电衰减模型，准确地获得雷达波在冰盖中的双程衰减，得到冰盖底部的反射率；最后依据电磁波传播理论，研究从反射率的差异反演冰盖底部环境的模型，得到Dome A区域冰底的冷热及水文状况。

The discovery of large scale active subglacial, connective subglacial water system, rapid collapse of ice shelves and retreat of grounding lines makes the rapid variations of East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) an important scientific research field. However, we know little about the mechanism of these variations. Dome A, the optimal place to obtain the oldest ice core, is located on the center of the ice divide of EAIS. Dome A, Lambert glacial and Amery Ice Shelf form the main outflow channel of EAIS. In the present study, we intend to inverse the subglacial environments of Dome A based on the theory of electromagnetic waves and the data from ice radar. Firstly, using the total time of the wave travelling and the speed of light in ice sheet, we can obtain the thickness of the ice sheet; combined with the GPS data, we can get the elevation and then the topography of the ice bed. Meanwhile, englacial attenuation is taken into account by an attenuation model considering the temperature and chemical composition of the ice sheet. Then we can obtain the reflectivity by subtracting the attenuation from the echo sounding power. At last we intend to study the models to inverse the subglacial environments of Dome A.