机床结构是由零部件及其相互联接的结合面组成，结合面是机床中的薄弱环节，对机床整机性能影响非常大，如何有效利用结合面的阻尼特性、合理分配结合面刚度是目前机床结构设计中亟须解决的问题。本项目以数控机床中螺栓结合部和滚动导轨结合部为例，从基础结合面刚度和阻尼的形成与作用机理出发，通过实验获取具有通用性的结合面基础特性数据，建立全尺度结合部刚度和阻尼特性模型，从理论和实验角度研究结合部刚度与阻尼的演变规律。然后基于边界元法建立考虑结合部特性的机床整机动力学模型，从机床整机结构系统出发，通过整机系统弹性能、阻尼能和惯性能分布计算，识别薄弱结合部；基于所建立全尺度结合部刚度与阻尼特性模型，实现结合部刚度和阻尼的合理分配，提升机床整机性能。本项目从机床整机系统角度研究结合部刚度和阻尼特性的分配机制，为解决图纸设计阶段机床结合部合理设计提供了方法，对提升高档数控机床的设计、制造及装配工艺水平具有重要意义。

Machine tool structure is made of part components and their mutual connection joint surface. The surface is the weak link of machine tools, and it largely affects the machine tool performance. How to effectively use combined with damping characteristics of joint surface and reasonable distribute the stiffness of joint surface is the problem which is urgent need to resolve in the machine tool structure design. The project takes the typical bolt joint surface and rolling guide joint surface in CNC machine as examples, starts from the evolution mechanism of stiffness and damping in the joint surface, obtains a general foundation characteristic data of joint surface through experiment method , establishes physical properties model of evolution regularity of the joint surface stiffness and damping, and provides a theoretical basis for the rational matching design of joint surface stiffness and damping. Then it establishes the machine outline feature model considering the property of joint surface through boundary element method, finds out weak joint surface through the distributed calculation of elastic energy ,damping energy and inertial energy in machine tool, and realizes the reasonable distribution of the joint stiffness and damping based on the established joint stiffness damping characteristics evolution law, so as to explore a machine tool joint stiffness and damping characteristics in the whole system of the allocation mechanism, to achieve the goal to improve machine tool performance. This project provides a new method to solve rational design of machine joint surface in the documentation phase, has an important significance to improve the machine design, manufacturing and assembly process level.