种植神经损伤中谷氨酸介导的三叉神经节神经元-卫星胶质细胞交互对话机制研究

神经损伤引起的感觉功能异常是牙种植的主要并发症之一。本课题组在前期研究基础上，结合相关研究进展提出，谷氨酸（Glu）介导的三叉神经节神经元（TGNs）-卫星胶质细胞（SGCs）交互对话机制，是调控种植神经损伤后感觉功能异常的潜在重要机制。本项目拟围绕上述机制在三叉神经系统外周敏化和中枢敏化过程中的作用，进一步开展以下研究：①建立种植神经损伤动物模型，明确损伤病理改变与感觉功能异常间的关系；②分析TGNs与SGCs调节神经节内Glu的变化特点和机制；③重点研究Glu通过离子型受体NMDAR介导的TGNs-SGCs交互对话，调控胞外钾平衡在感觉功能异常中的外周敏化机制；④在中枢敏化方面，分析上述机制对三叉神经脊束核尾侧亚核（SpVc）突触传递和突触后神经元兴奋性的影响。本项目的实施，可以为种植神经损伤感觉异常的机制和干预研究提供新依据，同时也为口腔医学其他专业中神经并发症的处理提供新的思路。

Sensory impairment caused by neural injury is one of the most common complications associated with dental implant therapy. Recent research has pointed out that the cross-talk between trigeminal ganglion neurons (TGNs) and satellite glial cells (SGCs) was the key mechanism underlying the abnormal sensation in oral and maxillofacial regions. In our previous study, it was found that glutamate (Glu) was the major factor mediating the TGNs-SGCs cross-talk after constrain injury to inferior alveolar nerve. Therefore, in this project, we aim to clarify the effects of Glu-mediated TGNs-SGCs cross-talk in the implant-related nerve injury during the peripheral and central sensitization process of the trigeminal nervous system. This project intends to include following parts: ①Establish the animal models of implant nerve injury to study the characteristics and connection between the injury pathology and neurosensory impairment; ②Clarify the role of TGNs and SGCs in the regulation of Glu level within the trigeminal ganglion after nerve injury; ③Analyze the role of NMDAR, a key Glu receptor, in the TGNs-SGCs cross-talk and extracellular potassium balance underlying the neurosensory impairment after injury; ④Observe the synapse activity changes at the central sensitization level in spinal trigeminal nucleus induced by the peripheral effects above. The findings of this projects will not only reveal the key mechanisms of implant-related neurosensory impairment, but also provide new thoughts for the diagnosis and treatment of such complication associated with implant procedures as well as other dental therapy.