行星及其大卫星自转的变化是行星整体变化的动力学反映，若能获得高精度的行星自转监测数据，将行星的动力学研究和遥感遥测信息的地学研究结合起来，就能将目前主要在行星表面状态的研究深化到行星内部物理的研究。由于几何原理的限制，地基测距技术不能获得高精度的行星自转信息。以月球为例，虽然地基的月球激光测距精度已好于1厘米，但月球空间指向参数的精度只有0.1″水平，不能满足月球自转动力学研究的需要。现有的地球自转监测技术也难以在行星上类比实施。参考依巴谷卫星的测量原理，并发展应用于月球自转监测，建议研制一套新型的小光学望远镜供放置到月面观测，期望能独立获取几毫角秒水平的月球三维自转等监测数据。做为预研究，本项目计划:1）对其中原理和各种相关技术进一步深入研究；2）研制一套原理样机及相应的资料处理分析软件；3）将样机放到极地观测站测试；4)处理分析测试数据，总结经验和教训，为以后争取投放到月球做好准备。

The variations of the rotation of planets and their satellites reflect the global dynamics of these celestial bodies. High precision planetary rotation data is the key to study of the physics and dynamics of planetary interiors. Due to the limitation of the geometric principle, the ground-based ranging technology cannot obtain the high precision information of the planetary rotation. Taking the moon as an example, although the precision of the lunar laser ranging is better than 1 cm, the precision of the lunar orientation parameters are only at about 0.1”, which cannot meet the needs of the research on the dynamics of lunar rotation. Meanwhile, the existing earth rotation monitoring technologies are difficult to be implemented on the planets and the Moon. Inspired from the measurement principle of Hipparcos telescope, we propose to develope a new type of optical telescope, to be deployed on the Moon, to observe the lunar rotation independently. The lunar 3D rotation monitoring data is expected to be at several milliarcsecond level. Research for this project include: 1) the principle and related technology of further research; 2) to update/develop a set of principle prototype and the corresponding data processing and analysis software; 3) to observation and test the prototype in polar station; 4) processing and analysis of test data, summarize the experiences and lessons to prepare the future project to place it on the moon.