农作物产量遥感估测是高光谱应用研究前沿领域的难点。本项目以冬小麦为研究对象，以高光谱遥感技术为基础，从冬小麦氮素利用对最终产量的贡献角度出发，重点开展以下研究内容：.（1）.在冬小麦年度重要生育期内，挖掘表征背景土壤与冬小麦作物氮素含量的特征光谱信息，建立小麦土壤-作物氮素含量一体化监测模型，构建基于高光谱信息的冬小麦重要生育期氮素动态利用效率新指标；.（2）.结合作物光合作用发生机理，明确冬小麦不同生育期氮素吸收利用的生理机制，解析氮素动态利用率随生育期的推进而产生的变化特征，探究冬小麦不同生育期作物氮素吸收、利用对最终产量的贡献权重；.（3）.利用所获得的贡献权重对不同时期所获的氮素通用特征光谱信息进行变换,获得可以反映冬小麦产量的综合光谱指数。以此为基础，构建基于综合光谱指数的冬小麦产量估算模型。随后，开展基于地面观测、无人机遥感数据的冬小麦氮素动态利用率与产量估算应用示范。

Crop yield estimation using remote sensing is one of the challenges in the frontier of hyperspectral application. Taking winter wheat as the research object, using hyperspectral remote sensing technology as the foundation, from the point of view of the contribution of nitrogen utilization to the final yield of winter wheat, this project focuses on the following contents:.(1) During the annual important growth stages of winter wheat, extracting the general characteristic spectral information that can comprehensively reflect nitrogen content in soil and plant to establish an integrated monitoring model for soil and plant nitrogen content detection. Then a new index of nitrogen dynamic usage efficiency (NDUE) in important growth period of winter wheat was constructed based on hyperspectral information..(2) Combined with mechanism of plant photosynthesis, verify the physiological mechanism of nitrogen absorption and utilization in winter wheat in different growth stages and explain the change characteristics of NDUE with time going. Furthermore, explore the contribution weights of plant nitrogen absorption and utilization to the final yield..(3) Using the obtained contribution weights to transform the nitrogen characteristic spectral information, we can obtain the integrated spectral index, which can reflect the grain yield information of winter wheat. Based on the spectrum, the winter wheat final yield estimation models were established. Then, the NDUE and yield estimation method was carried out using the ground-observation and UAV remote sensing data.