有源噪声控制是解决低频噪声问题的主要手段，目前已成为现代噪声控制技术的重要组成部分，已在部分场合实现商业化应用。然而，在其主要应用方向的大尺寸封闭空间降噪中，作为自适应有源降噪系统关键部分的电声器件（次级扬声器和误差传感器）布局问题成为该技术走向工程应用的瓶颈之一。目前相关研究成果仅能给出定性的指导原则，实用性差。本项目依据“先验信息获取→解决两类关键问题→实验验证”的步骤开展如下研究：1）基于球形传声器阵列的优化布局先验信息获取；2）多重约束及随机扰动下的布局优化表达及求解；3）自适应宽带有源降噪中的电声器件布局优化；4）复杂封闭空间中最优布局实现与实验研究。本项目的研究将实现电声器件“个数最小化、布放位置最优化、降噪效果最大化”，其成果不仅可以直接解决有源降噪中需求迫切的布局优化问题，而且将有效地拓展和深化传声器阵列优化的研究内涵及研究方法，推动声场分析与控制技术的进一步发展。

Active Noise Control (ANC) is a chief measure for reducing low frequency noise and has been an important part of modern noise control technology. However, for active control of noise in a large enclosure which is a main application of ANC, the configuration optimization for electro-acoustic devices (i.e. secondary loudspeakers and error microphones) which is a key part for adaptive ANC system becomes one of bottlenecks for practical applications. Currently interrelated results only can provide qualitative help and are short of practicability. This project is carried out according to the presupposed three steps, i.e. collection of priori acoustic information, settlement of two kinds of key problems, and experimental validation. The study consists of 1）priori information for the configuration optimization is collected using a spherical microphone array, 2) the configuration optimization representation and its solution is carried out under multiple constraints and random distribution, 3) the electro-acoustic device configurations are optimized under conditions of adaptive broadband ANC, and 4) implementation and experiments are accomplished for the configuration optimization in complicated enclosures. This project will achieve the minimization of numbers, optimization of placement, and maximization of noise reduction for electro-acoustic devices, which can not only directly solves the configuration optimization for ANC, but also extends and deepens meanings and approaches in the field of microphone array examination, provides powerful help for sound field analysis and control.