针对战略导弹等飞行器在高超音速环境下对碳化锆等超高温陶瓷强度、韧性和抗烧蚀性能方面越来越高的要求以及目前存在的生产成本昂贵、制备工艺复杂、产品性能差等缺点，本项目拟采用溶胶-凝胶法仅以锆醇盐和含碳有机溶剂两种原料首先合成稳定碳化锆前驱体，再分别采用交联裂解工艺、离心甩丝裂解工艺和前驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备高性能碳化锆纳米粉体、纳米纤维和Cf/ZrC复合材料，系统研究溶胶-凝胶、交联、裂解、离心甩丝和PIP等工艺对碳化锆前驱体、纳米粉体、纳米纤维和复合材料性能的影响规律，分析不同工艺过程中微观结构以及物相的演变，阐明原料组成-制备工艺-显微结构-性能之间的相互关系，揭示碳化锆纳米粉体和纤维的交联和裂解机理以及Cf/ZrC复合材料的强韧化机理。本项目的研究将为超高温碳化锆陶瓷的制备和开发提供研究基础和技术支持，解决制约碳化锆粉体、纤维和复合材料广泛应用的上述瓶颈问题。

Aiming at higher and higher demand of strategic missile for UHTC in the aspect of strength, toughness and ablation resistance under hypersonic environment and the existing defects of high production cost, complex process and low properties, stable ZrC precursor will be synthesized simply only with zirconium alkoxide and carbon organic solvent by sol-gel process firstly, and then superfine ZrC nano powder, nano fiber and Cf/ZrC composite with high properties will be prepared respectively by crosslinking and pyrolysis, centrifugal spinning and pyrolysis, precursor infiltration pyrolysis. The influence of sol-gel process, crosslinking process, pyrolysis process, centrifugal spinning process and PIP process on properties of ZrC precursor, nano powder, nano fiber and Cf/ZrC composite will be investigated, systematically. The microstructure and phase transition during different process will be analyzed. The relation among material composition, preparation process, microstructure and properties will be illuminated. The crosslinking mechanism and pyrolysis mechanism of ZrC nano powder and toughening mechanism of Cf/ZrC composite will be revealed. The project helps to provide a research basis and technical support for the preparation and development of ZrC ceramics and resolve above bottleneck problems that restrict the extensive application of ZrC nano powder, nano fiber and composite.