神经发生可能是治疗脑梗死的革命性突破，新生神经元向梗死区域的迁移和存活是达到治疗目的的难点问题。我们前期研究发现周细胞具有保护脑梗死后室管膜下区（SVZ）新生神经元迁移及存活的作用，但具体机制不明。本项目首先研究脑梗死后周细胞的数量、形态及功能变化，并通过阻断PDGFRβ信号通路下调周细胞功能，证实其对SVZ区新生神经元迁出数量、方向及存活的影响。然后以神经血管单元（NVU）为观察单位，研究脑梗死后周细胞对局部血管新生、新生神经元迁移相关趋化因子及基质金属蛋白酶的影响，以及周细胞通过与NVU其他细胞成员的相互作用，直接或间接促进新生神经元存活的机制，综合分析周细胞在构建新生神经元迁移所需的NVU结构及微环境方面的作用。最后探讨周细胞移植能否改善脑梗死预后。本研究对提高脑梗死后SVZ区神经发生效能、加强其脑保护作用、发现脑梗死新的治疗手段具有重要意义。

Neurogenesis is a potential breakthrough therapy for cerebral infarction, and the migration and survival of newly generated neurons are the key to reach its therapeutic goal. Our previous research revealed that pericytes can protect the migration and survival of the newly generated neurons from subventricular zone (SVZ) after cerebral infarction, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we will firstly identify the characteristics and functions of pericytes after cerebral infarction, and testify the impacts of pericytes on the migration and survival of newly generated neurons from SVZ by downregulating pericytes’ function via the blockage of PDGFRβ signaling pathway. And then we will systematically study the role of pericytes in building the NVU structure or regulating micro-environments that are essential for the migration or survival of newly generated neurons from SVZ after stroke: on one hand, we will study the regulatory mechanisms of pericytes on the angiogenesis, chemo-attractants and matrix metalloproteinases within NVU; on the other hand, we will explore if pericytes can affect other NVU components and directly or indirectly modulate the survival of newly generated neurons. Moreover, we will investigate the therapeutic effect of pericytes transplantation on cerebral infarction. This study is of great significance for the discovery of new potential therapeutic methods that can upregualte the efficiency of SVZ neurogenesis and improve its neuroprotective effects after cerebral infarction.