2013年墨尔本会议Kidd教授提出微单倍型，申请人同年开始微单倍型的前期探索工作。微单倍型是全新遗传标记，指在300bp范围多个高度连锁SNPs构成的单倍型。它无Stutter峰，扩增平衡，突变率极低，多态性较好。与传统遗传标记STR与SNP比较，它综合二者优势。在混合斑鉴定，种群分析鉴定，亲缘关系鉴定等方面有较高应用价值，是理想的法医学遗传标记。其精准分型必须依赖于单链分析，现阶段可通过基于单链测序原理的二代测序技术，如Illumina与PGM等。去年我们在克拉科夫会议上首次报告了微单倍型的二代测序分型结果。微单倍型亦可通过经典序列变异分析方法如SSCP，DGGE，HRM等分型，我们已建立了基于SSCP的分析方案。进一步拟通过上述方法在350个候选位点中筛选出50个具有较高法医学应用价值的微单倍型位点组成复合系统并建立二代测序分型方案，为其在法医学领域的应用提供基础信息与基本分型方案。

Prof. Kidd originally defined microhaplotypes as a powerful new type of forensic marker at the 2013 25th ISFG conference in Melbourne. We also show the interesting of microhaps and began to study on them. The microhaps are the haplotypes based on two or more SNPs within a length of 300 bp and these SNPs have very rare recombination rates. The microhaps could be a multi-allelic locus with good heterozygosity and shows extremely low mutation rates. The amplicons of microhaps alleles are balance to each other and without any stutters. By these advantages of microhaps, it shows great value for analyzing the forensic applications, such as the degraded DNA typing, mixture stains analyzing, ancestor analysis, and relatedness characterizing. The typing of the microhaps must base on the single strand analyzing. Now the platform of the next generation sequencing can be used to typing the microhaps, such as Illumina MiSeq and Ion torrent of PGM. Our group has first reported the typing result of 15 microhaps at the 2015 26th ISFG conference in Krakow through oral presentation. It’s the first typing of microhaps in the world. The microhaps also could be typing by the variant analyzing method as SSCP, DGGE, and HRM etc. Our group has set up the microhaps typing method through SSCP. By the support of this project, we could select 50 microhaps with high heterozygosity from 350 microhaps candidates by the methods mentioned before. Also we planned to develop a system for typing the multiplex of microhaps. The study will improve the value of microhaps in forensic applications.