接枝多活性组分的共聚型绿色海洋防污涂料的制备及协同防污性能研究

生物污损对人类海洋生产、运输等活动带来了严重影响，涂覆防污涂料是解决这一问题的重要方法。当前，人们广泛使用具有较强生物毒性和环境累积效应的Cu2O防污涂料来防止生物污损，对海洋环境带来了严重的危害。随着国内外生态环境保护的日益重视，为减少海洋污染、保护海洋环境，研究高效、低毒、绿色的海洋防污涂料有重要的意义。.本项目以1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮(BIT)、噻唑、咪唑、吲哚等杂环化合物为研究对象，选择恰当的活性结构组合，通过修饰、共聚、接枝等过程，将BIT等多种活性组分，接枝到丙烯酸树脂的侧链，构建一种接枝多元活性结构、具有自抛光性能的丙烯酸酯杀菌防污涂料。研究涂料的结构、生物活性、活性物水解释放性能及海洋防污性能等。并通过对活性组分的筛选和调控，研究各组分间的协同防污效应，讨论结构与活性的关系，进一步优化树脂结构，以获得具有高效、低毒、可控释放、环境友好的海洋防涂料，保护海洋环境。

TMarine biofouling has brought great damages to humankind marine activities, such as marine production and transportation. One of the most effective and important methods to address this issue is to coat antifouling paints. At present, Cu2O antifouling coating with strong biological toxicity and environmental cumulative effect, is widely utilized to prevent biofouling, which does harm to the marine environment. With increasing attention paid to protect the ecological environment both at home and abroad, in order to reduce marine pollution and protect the marine environment, it is of great significance to develop highly effective and environmentally friendly marine antifouling coating with low toxicity..In this topic, highly effective and less toxic compounds among 1,2-benzoisothiazoline-3-one (BIT), thiazole, imidazole, indole and other heterocyclic compounds are selected and investigated. BIT and other active compounds are grafted onto the side chain of acrylic resin to build a zinc acrylate coating with antifouling, self-polishing performance and antibacterial function through the modification, copolymerization, grafting and other processes. Structures, biological activity, hydrolytic release performance of active substances and marine antifouling performance of the coating are investigated. The synergistic antifouling effect among the coating components is studied through the selection and regulation of the active components. The relationshipbetween the structure and activity performance will also be discussed to further optimize the resin structure for obtaining the highly effective, environmentally friendly marine antifouling coating with low toxicity and controllable release to protect the marine environment.