城镇化过程中乡村人口减少是必然趋势，但从乡镇层面来看，乡村人口增长与流失现象并存。在我国实施乡村振兴战略的背景下，厘清乡镇层面人口增长与流失的空间格局与机制，有重要现实意义，也是乡村地理学需研究的重要课题。本项目以太行山区为例，结合人口普查、统计资料及实地调研等数据，采用ArcGIS空间分析、地统计、地理探测器等方法分析研究区乡村人口增长-流失的空间格局及地理环境关联要素，辨明其在地形、与大都市距离等维度上是否存在梯度差异；根据区位-地形-地域功能-人口变化等划分地域类型，选择典型案例地进行调研，总结其人口、土地、产业等方面的典型特征；借助（空间）多水平模型，实证分析乡镇外部、乡镇层面影响人口增长（流失）的因子，结合典型案例地质性分析，揭示各因子的作用机制，构建太行山区乡村人口增长区形成机制及人口流失地域分异机制的结构模型，以期为解释山区人口流动提供参考，加深对山区乡村地域系统演化的认识。

The reduction of rural population is an inevitable trend in the process of urbanization. But the rural population is possible to growth or decline at the local level. Under the background of implementing the rural revitalization strategy in China, it is important to explore the spatial pattern and mechanism of rural population growth and loss at the local level. And it is also an important topic in rural geographic research. This project takes Taihang Mountain as a research area, combined with census, statistics, field survey data and other multi-source data, using ArcGIS spatial analysis, geostatistics, geo-detectors to analyze the spatial pattern and related geographical environment elements of rural population growth-loss at the town level, especially, to identify whether there is a gradient difference along the terrain, distance from the metropolis, etc.. Then, according to the location - terrain - regional function - population change, we divide Taihang Mountains into several categories, and select the typical town to investigate and conduct case research, analyze its typical character about population, land use, industry development, etc. Finally, we use the (spatial) multi-level model to investigate the local and outside factors driving population growth (decline), combined with the typical case geology analysis, revealing the mechanism of each factor, and construct the model of rural population growth and regional differentiation mechanism of population loss in the area of Taihang Mountain.