甘蔗是我国最重要的糖料作物，是蔗糖生产的主要原料。近年来甘蔗梢腐病日趋严重，对甘蔗产业可持续发展造成严重威胁。本项目通过对已测定梢腐病原菌的组学分析及PHI文库的检索，筛选与原菌致病相关基因，结合病原菌侵染前后甘蔗转录组学信息，初步解析病原菌与寄主互作分子机制；构建含病原菌致病相关基因片段的反义发夹结构的载体，导入易感梢腐病甘蔗品种中蔗9号，使病原菌特定序列的dsRNA在甘蔗中产生。当梢腐病病菌攻击表达HIGS结构的转基因甘蔗时，病原菌中的基因会下调，即通过RNAi对进入寄主甘蔗中的病原菌的内源基因进行沉默抑制，从而提高甘蔗对梢腐病的抗性。通过本项目研究，解析病原菌-寄主互作的分子机制，创制抗梢腐病甘蔗新种质，丰富我国甘蔗抗梢腐病种质资源，为我国甘蔗抗病育种和遗传研究提供重要的材料，同时为甘蔗抗其它真菌性病害奠定理论基础，加速甘蔗品质改良及定向精准育种进程，具有重要科学价值和和现实意义。

Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop in our country, and is the main raw material for sucrose production. In recent years, sugarcane pokkah boeng disease seriously influence the quality and production of sugarcane, which endangered the sustainable development of sugarcane industry. To overcome the easy breakdown of conventional disease resistant transgenic sugarcane plants, we used HIGS(Host induced gene silence) to create new kind of transgenic sugarcane plants. By transforming HIGS constructs targeting the disease-related genes of the sugarcane pokkah boeng into host sugarcane plants. HIGS could suppress the fungal development and virulence. We chose two important gens in sugarcane pokkah boeng and cloned the specific fragments of the genes for HIGS vector construction. Anti-sense hair clip structure of the gene fragment containing pathogenic bacteria pathogenic bacteria was constructed. Then we transformed the HIGS construct into sugarcane variety Zhongzhe 9. The dsRNA of the specific sequence of pathogenic bacteria was produced in sugarcane.When sugarcane pokkah boeng attack the genetically modified sugarcane, the genes of pathogenic bacteria will divided into siRNA, thus improve the resistance to sugarcane pokkah boeng in sugarcane. Sugarcane germplasm resources were enriched by creating disease resistant transgenic sugarcane. It will promote the creation of energy sugarcane germplasm with disease resistant, high yield and high energy storage and provide important materials for the disease resistant breeding and genetic research of sugarcane in our country. And also, it will enhance competitiveness of sugar and its products in the international trade. Increasing sugar production in sugarcane significantly improves the nutritional quality and has important practical significance.