基于质谱成像空间代谢组学研究产毒颤藻-微生物相互作用代谢调控机制

产毒颤藻为优势种的蓝藻水华现象频发，严重威胁人畜健康。藻垫中底栖颤藻-微生物相互作用形成了时空异质的代谢交流，对颤藻水华生消起关键作用。针对颤藻-微生物的代谢交流调控机制并不清楚和相关研究技术匮乏的问题，本项目拟采用可对代谢物进行原位可视化表征的MALDI质谱成像，结合FISH分析技术，建立高分辨质谱成像空间代谢组学新方法，在微生物相互作用尺度实现代谢物和微生物系统型空间匹配；开展颤藻-微生物互作质谱成像空间代谢组学研究，解析颤藻-微生物互作的代谢交流分子及其空间↔时间↔颤藻相关变化规律；对代谢交流分子进行代谢通路分析，表征上游相关的关键代谢酶、转录mRNA，将各自的空间分布特征进行匹配关联，“自下而上”可视化揭示颤藻-微生物生态互作4D代谢调控机制，有助于从微观生态代谢角度揭示颤藻水华的发生发展机制，对富营养化湖泊有机碳循环过程研究有重要的参考意义，为蓝藻水华的生物防治提供新思路。

Toxic Oscillatoria as the dominant species of cyanobacteria bloom occurred frequently around the world, which threatens the health of humans and animals. The spatio-temporal variation of metabolic exchange processes between Oscillatoria and co-occurring microbes in cyanobacterial mat is of significant importance for the development of Oscillatoria bloom. Since the mechanism of metabolic exchange between Oscillatoria and co-occurring microbes in cyanobacterial mat is unknown and the related research technology is limited so far, this project aims to develop a novel high resolution imaging mass spectrometry spatial metabolomics method, which employs a MALDI imaging mass spectrometry technique for in situ spatial visualization of metabolites combined with a FISH-based spatial metabolome analysis approach. This advanced spatial metabolomics method realizes the co-identification of metabolites and bacterial phylotypes at a scale related to microbial interactions. This project applied the novel imaging mass spectrometry spatial metabolomics method to study the interaction metabolic exchange mechanism between Oscillatoria and co-occurring microbes, to reveal the metabolic mediators of interaction and their space↔time↔Oscillatoria related variation rules. Based on analyzing metabolic pathways of metabolic mediators of interaction, the upstream metabolism related enzymes and mRNA will be further characterized and associated with their spatial distribution features to "bottom-up" reveal the 4D metabolic regulation mechanism of the ecological interaction between Oscillatoria and co-occurring microbes. This project is helpful to reveal the mechanism of the occurrence and development of the Oscillatoria bloom from the perspective of microecological metabolism. It is of great significance to the study of the organic carbon cycle in eutrophic lakes and provides new ideas for the biological control of the Oscillatoria bloom.