大型隧道结构火灾高温特性的数物空间实时融合试验方法

深刻认识大型隧道结构火灾全过程的热力耦合行为与破坏机制，是保障其全寿命期火灾安全的关键。针对现有大型隧道结构火灾特性研究方法存在的不足和实际需求，本项目提出了大型隧道结构火灾特性的数物空间实时融合试验方法，通过数物共融、实时交互，实现对大型隧道结构（结构+地层复合体系）火灾全过程（发生-发展-蔓延-衰减全过程）中其真实高温力学特性的多维度、全过程信息获取；并借助火灾试验、理论分析和数值计算等手段，攻克基于多维度、多点特征参数的数物空间实时融合与控制方法，基于轻量化计算的大型隧道结构-地层整体数值模型的建立方法，以及隧道构件热力耦合边界的施加方法及控制策略等关键技术。借助数物空间实时融合试验方法，可充分揭示大型复杂隧道结构在火灾高温作用下的受荷特征及其力学特性与破坏机制，为解决复杂环境下大型隧道结构的火灾安全问题提供了新技术支撑。

A better understanding of the thermal-mechanical coupling behavior and progressive failure mechanism of large-section tunnel structures is the key to ensure the fire safety in the whole life cycle. In view of the shortcomings and practical needs of the research methods on the fire characteristics of tunnel structures, this project proposes a real-time numerical-physical coupling experimental method for thermal-mechanical characteristics of large-section tunnel structures. Through data integration and real-time interaction, the multi-scale and whole process information of real structure systems (tunnel structures + surrounding multi-layer ground system) and the progressive failure (occurrence-development-spread-attenuation) can be obtained and analyzed. By means of fire test, theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, this project targets at developing a real-time data acquisition and control method based on multi-dimensional and multi-point characteristic parameters, a method of building a whole numerical model of large tunnel structure stratum based on lightweight calculation, and a control strategy of applying thermal-mechanical coupling boundary to tunnel components. Through the real-time numerical-physical coupling experimental method, it can fully investigate the load characteristics, mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of large-section complex tunnel structure when exposed to elevated temperatures, as well as provide new technical support for solving the fire safety problem of large-section tunnel structure in complex environment.