一直以来我国财政立足于农村公共品建设的支农惠农力度不断加大，却因村级组织无法解决国家与村庄的有效对接、以及少数人的搭便车行为等村级治理问题，进而导致了国家公共品供给难以有效、公平地满足村民需求的困境。在此背景下，村级组织如何借助村落非正式组织及其社会结构的力量形成“自下而上”的村民自治的民主治理能力，也许是村庄公共品供给困境下的一种解决思路。本项目计划以中国农村最主要的两种非正式组织——宗族和传统宗教为切入点，探讨宗族组织和中国农村宗教相结合下的村庄公共品供给行为。首先构建集体行动模型，分析非正式组织及其社会结构对公共品供给的作用机制；然后基于中国村庄独特的跟踪调研数据，检验宗族多样性和凝聚力、以及传统宗教规模及其多样性分别对村庄公共品供给的影响，并进一步探索宗族组织和传统宗教的交互效应。本项目的开展，有助于理解中国农村村民自治的民主治理机制，也为深化农村公共品供给侧结构性改革提供参考。

China's financial resources which are persistently used to provide rural public goods have been continue to increase, however, the village-level organizations don’t have the capabilities to solve the docking problems of the state and the villages, as well as free ride behaviors, and other village governance problems, so that the public goods supply is difficult to meet the needs of the villagers effectively and fairly. In this context, it is how the village-level organizations take advantage of the village informal organizations and their social structures to form a "bottom-up" democratic governance capacity of the villagers' autonomy maybe a solution to the dilemma of village public goods supply. The project plans to explore the supply of public goods in the villages under the combination of lineage groups and Chinese traditional religions, which are the two most important informal organizations in rural China. Firstly, the model of collective action is constructed to analyze the mechanism of the informal organization and its social structure on the supply of public goods. Then, based on the unique panel data of Chinese villages, this project test the effects of the diversity and cohesion of lineages, as well as the traditional religious scale and its diversity on the supply of public goods, and further explore the interaction effects of lineage groups and the traditional religions. The project will help to understand the democratic governance mechanism of Chinese rural villagers' autonomy, and provide a reference for deepening the structural reform of public goods supply side in Chinese villages.