胶质瘤是最常见的原发性中枢神经系统肿瘤，预后较差。我们证实，胶质瘤微环境中存在肿瘤浸润免疫细胞（tumor infiltrating immune cell，TIIC），其成分及比例和患者预后相关。TIIC及其产生的炎症介质影响局部免疫状态，形成免疫抑制或免疫活化微环境，影响肿瘤进展。然而，TIIC的调控机制尚未明确。我们发现，活化T细胞核因子1（NFAT1）在高级别胶质瘤中表达上调，影响肿瘤侵袭和死亡。作为免疫调控转录因子，NFAT1广泛表达于免疫细胞中，调节下游基因转录，影响免疫细胞功能。文献报道，低氧、低糖微环境，通过改变NFAT1活性，影响抗肿瘤免疫应答。因此，NFAT1可能在TIIC成分和功能调控中发挥重要作用。本研究旨在通过基因敲除等方法调控NFAT1表达，建立动物模型，结合离体实验，探讨NFAT1对胶质瘤TIIC的调控作用及机制，为胶质瘤的免疫治疗及多模态治疗提供新的思路。

Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of the central nervous system, and the prognosis is generally poor. In our previous studies, we show the existence of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in the microenvironment of gliomas. Moreover, the component and proportion of TIICs are closely associated with the prognosis of glioma patients. TIICs and inflammatory mediators released by these cells influence the local immune status, result in immunosuppressive or immuno-reactive microenvironment and regulate the biological behavior of gliomas through several signaling pathways including integrin β1-ERK pathway. However, the regulatory mechanism of TIICs is still unclear. We find that the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells-1 (NFAT1) is upregulated in high-grade glioma tissues, which affects the invasion and death of glioma cells. In addition, as a key immunomodulatory transcriptional factor, NFAT1 is widely expressed in immune cells, and controls the expression of a wide range of immune-related factors, and influence the function of immune cells. Moreover, it has been reported that, metabolic factors of tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia and glucose-poor conditions, can affect the activity of NFAT1 signaling and in turn influence the anti-tumor immune responses. Thus, we speculate that NFAT1 signaling might play an important role in the regulation of the function and component of TIICs. In the present study, using knockout mice deficient for NFAT1 to establish animal model in combination with ex vivo and in vitro experiments, we aimed to investigate the role of NFAT1 in the regulation of TIICs in gliomas, the related molecular mechanism and signaling pathway will also be explored. The results of the study would contribute to the immunotherapy and multimodal treatment of glioma patients.