我国是一个水资源相对短缺的国家，地下水是工农业生产和居民用水的重要来源。随着人们对土壤和地下水的日益关注，定量研究地下水的运动规律，并进一步研究污染物在饱和非饱和土壤－地下水系统中的运移过程和行为，已成为土壤物理、水文地质及相关学科研究的重点问题之一。其中定量描述非饱和地下水运动的方程非常关键。本项目拟针对目前非饱和带中地下水运动方程Darcy定律表达式的合理性和适用性问题，应用光透法动态监测系统与高密度电阻率成像法等多种技术手段，通过理论推导、室内实验、数值模拟和现场综合研究相结合的研究方法，专门研究合理适用的非饱和带中地下水运动方程表达形式—分数阶非饱和地下水运动方程，并多方面验证分数阶地下水运动方程的适用性，为获取正确的地下水流量、流速及地下水中溶质分布和运移规律提供合理适用的计算方程，为进一步正确进行地下水资源与环境的定量评价和科学管理提供科学手段。国内外未见同类报道。

China is short of water resources to some extent, groundwater is the important source for industrial and agricultural activities, and people’s domestic water. With the rapid increase of attention on soil pollution and groundwater quality, a quantitative research of movement law of groundwater, and the further research of transport process and behavior of contaminant in the saturated-unsaturated and soil-groundwater system, which has become one of the important problems of soil physics, hydrogeology and relevant subjects. It is critical to make a quantitative description of unsaturated groundwater flow equation. The project is aimed at the present problem about rationality and applicability of the expression of groundwater movement equation Darcy’s Law in the unsaturated zone, with the application of dynamic monitoring system of light transmission method and high density electrical resistivity tomography, and various technical means, through the research method combined with theoretical derivation, laboratory experiment, numerical simulation and site comprehensive study. Moreover, this project studies rational and applicable expression of groundwater flow equation in unsaturated zone –fractional unsaturated groundwater movement equation, then verifies the applicability of fractional groundwater flow equation from many aspects. It provides rational and applicable calculating equation for acquiring correct groundwater flow, velocity and solute distribution and transport law. It also provides a scientific method for further quantitative evaluation and scientific management of groundwater source and environment. However, similar research has not been reported in the domestic and overseas literatures.