吸能导向抗撞结构的主从关联耐撞性拓扑优化方法及概念设计

以往的抗撞结构设计只需满足安全性指标，虽然它既要碰撞最大加速度小又要结构最大变形量小，但可行域有交集。随着安全法规的完善，新增了导向性指标，但导向性要求抗撞结构有极高刚度，使同时满足碰撞加速度与导向性要求的可行域为空集，现有单层规划优化方法不能解决此矛盾。项目基于双层规划，研究吸能导向抗撞结构的主从关联耐撞性拓扑优化方法及概念设计。首先研究既可用于双层规划底层又可用于顶层的抗撞结构一体化耐撞性拓扑优化方法，使碰撞加速度与结构变形量同步最优。然后针对安全性指标建立安全从属模型，以尽量保护安全从属模型传力路径为目标建立导向刚度补偿从属模型，研究两从属模型的关联影响，修正安全从属模型，将修正的安全从属模型与导向刚度补偿从属模型相结合建立主模型，获取其拓扑构型非劣解集。最后研究基于信噪比的多目标满意度最终解决策方法，获取稳健性参数，进行试验验证并获取概念设计。为抗撞结构的优化与概念设计提供新方法。

In the past optimization design of anti-collision structure, only the safety evaluation index must be satisfied. Although the safety evaluation index requires that the crash peak acceleration should be as small as possible while the peak deformation amount should be as small as possible in the past optimization design of anti-collision structure, the conflicting requirements has intersection set in the feasible region (it means that the existing optimization design method based on the monolayer programming will play important role in the this field). With the improvement of the safety regulations, the re-directive evaluation index of anti-collision structure has been added. However, the re-directive evaluation index requires the anti-collision structure to be of extremely high stiffness. Thus lead to the feasible region that simultaneously satisfies the crash acceleration and requirement of re-directive to be empty set. This new conflicting can’t be resolved by the existing optimal designing methods based on monolayer programming (i.e. all-in-one). This project bases on the theory of bi-level programming and researches the leader-followers joint crash-worthiness topology optimization method. Firstly, the integrated crash-worthiness topology optimization method of the anti-collision structure is studied to solve the problem of the synchronization optimization of the impact acceleration and structural deformation amount, which is not only suitable for the low-level optimization but also suitable for the top-level optimization of the bi-level programming. Then, the establishment of safety follower model based on the safety evaluation index is built. The re-directive stiffness compensation follower model can be built based on the goal that the path of force transmission of the safety follower model can be protected as much as possible. The joint effects of these two follower models are studied and the safe follower model is revised. The leader model is built by combined the revised safe follower model with the re-directive stiffness compensation follower model in order to obtain the whole non-inferior solution set of its topological configuration. At last, the multi objective satisfaction decision-making method of the final solution is researched based on the Signal/Noise ratio, thus the robust dimension parameters will be obtained. The correctness of the research results can be verified by the impact test. The conceptual designs of the anti-collision structure will be obtained. This research aims to present a new method for the optimization and conceptual design of energy absorption and re-directive anti-collision structure, and it is significant that this research facilitates the lightweight design of anti-collision structure.