气味受体在昆虫嗅觉-气味信号转导中起核心作用。深入研究昆虫气味受体功能不仅有助于明确昆虫嗅觉识别机制，并为害虫控制提供新方法。白背飞虱是我国重要的水稻害虫，直接取食危害的同时传播南方水稻黑条矮缩病。前期研究发现无毒的和携带南方黑条矮缩病病毒的白背飞虱依靠嗅觉区分和选择水稻的病/健株，且病/健株气味挥发物组分存在数量和比例上的差异。但白背飞虱依靠哪些差异组分区分病/健株，以及通过哪些气味受体参与了差异组分的识别，有待研究。本项目拟测定并比较无毒和携毒白背飞虱转录组，同时利用生物信息学方法获得白背飞虱应答病毒调控的气味受体基因，进而通过原位杂交检测气味受体的感器定位，随后采用体外表达、配体和电生理测定及RNAi后的行为生测来阐明白背飞虱基于气味受体区分南方黑条矮缩病水稻病/健株的机理，以及为开发基于嗅觉感受的新型害虫行为阻断剂或干扰剂，提供科学依据。

Odorant receptors (ORs) play a crucial role in insect olfactory signals transduction. In-depth studies of ORs not only help in understanding insect olfactory mechanisms, but also provide new methods for pest management. Sogatella furcifera is an important rice pest and a southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) vector. Previous studies have revealed that virus-free and SRBSDV-carrying S. furcifera rely on the olfactory system to distinguish SRBSDV-infected rice plants from healthy rice plants, which contain different amounts and ratios of volatile compounds, Which volatile compounds do S. furcifera rely on to distinguish healthy rice plants from and SRBSDV-infected rice plants, and which ORs are involved? These questions need to be studied. In this project, we plan to first sequencing and compare transcriptomes between virus-free and SRBSDV-carrying S. furcifera; then, adopt bioinformatics and to obtain full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) of S. furcifera ORs; then, investigate the location of OR sensilla through in situ hybridization, and use Xenopus oocytes expression, ligand and electrophysiology measurements and RNA interference (RNAi) technology combined with behavioral bioassays to clarify the mechanism by which white-backed planthoppers distinguish southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus–infected rice plants from healthy rice plants based on odorant receptors, as well as provide a scientific basis for the development of novel pest behavior inhibitors and interference agents.