水质改善后饮用水型砷中毒病区不同人群健康响应分析

饮水砷暴露的健康效应已得到证实，高砷水源切断后原砷暴露人群的砷中毒仍可长期流行，且有新增皮肤病变病例，但不同人群对高砷水源切断后的适应差异及其影响因素仍未得到系统的研究。本项目以内蒙古饮水砷中毒病区的不同人群为研究对象，以砷中毒引起的皮肤病变为重点关注指标，利用地理学、环境科学和流行病学等学科的方法对高砷水源切断前后不同人群皮肤病变的变化规律及其影响因素开展研究，阐明不同人群砷代谢和甲基化能力的变化特征及其影响机制，揭示不同人群皮肤病变的变化规律及其影响因素，探明不同人群皮肤病变的地理流行规律，以期系统地阐明不同人群对高砷水源切断后的适应差异性及其影响机制。该项目的研究结果可给卫生部门在饮水安全工程实施后针对不同区域不同人群制定有效的砷健康效应防治策略和计划提供科学依据，具有重要的现实意义。

Health effects caused by exposure to high arsenic in drinking water has been confirmed. After cessation of exposure to high arsenic in drinking water for long term, skin lesion cases are newly observed and the arseniasis is existing. However, the adaptive variation and its impacted factors for different cohorts are still not systematically investigated. Therefore, the subjects who previously exposed to high arsenic in drinking water from Inner Mongolia are selected for the study cohort in this project. Skin lesions caused by arsenic exposure are selected for main indicator of health effect. The changes and its impact factors of the skin lesions after cessation of arsenic exposure among different cohorts will be investigated by interdisciplinary research methods of geography, environmental science and epidemiology. The main objectives is to: 1) figuring out the variation of arsenic methylation capacity and its influencing mechanisms for different cohorts; 2) identifying the change characteristics of skin lesions and its impacted factors for the different cohort; 3) revealing the geographic epidemic characteristics of skin lesions. The adaptive variation and its impacted factors after cessation of arsenic exposure for different cohorts will be systematically illustrated. The results of the project can provide scientific evidences and guidance for making the strategy planning to control arsenic-related human health effects for different cohorts and areas after cessation of exposure to high arsenic in drinking water.