卵孢小奥德蘑（Oudemansiella raphanipes）在栽培过程中，不覆土子实体难以形成。覆土微生物在食用菌生长发育过程中至关重要，但卵孢小奥德蘑覆土微生物研究较少，群落结构及形成机制不清楚。本研究拟通过系统的样品采集和基于16S rRNA和ITS的高通量测序技术获取卵孢小奥德蘑不同生长时期覆土细菌和真菌群落信息，结合土壤性质数据，运用生物信息学分析方法明确覆土微生物群落多样性和组成的动态变化，识别群落内核心微生物、促生长微生物和病原菌的赋存状况和动态变化，明确它们与卵孢小奥德蘑菌丝生长、原基分化及子实体发育的关系；分析食用菌与覆土微生物间的互作关系，土壤性质对群落的影响，进而明确群落的形成机制。研究成果有助于理解覆土的微生物作用机制，为后续提高和改善有益微生物数量和群落结构，降低病原菌数量，提高卵孢小奥德蘑的产量奠定基础。

Oudemansiella raphanipes is a kind of rare and high-grade health-care fungus for both food and medicine. Its fruiting body is difficult to form without casing soil in the cultivation process, restricting its large-scale production. Microorganisms in casing soil play important roles in the growth and development of edible fungi. However, there are few studies on the microbial communities in casing soil of O. raphanipes and dynamic characteristics and assembly mechanism of microbial community in the casing soil are unclear. In this study, we will obtain the information of bacterial and fungal community in casing soil of O. raphanipes in different growth periods by systematic sample collection and 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing technology. Combined with soil property data, and a variety of bioinformatics analysis methods, we will clarify the diversity and composition dynamic characteristics of bacterial and fungal communities, identify the occurrence and dynamic changes of core microorganisms, mushroom growth promoting microbes and pathogens in the community, and clarify their relationship with mycelial growth, primordial differentiation and fruiting body development of O. raphanipes; analyze the interaction between O. raphanipes and microorganisms in casing soil, the effect of soil properties on the community, and uncover the assembly mechanisms of bacterial and fungal communities. Results are helpful to understand the microbial mechanism of the casing soil, and lay foundations for improving the number and community structure of beneficial microorganisms, reducing the number of pathogens, and improving the yield of O. raphanipes.