在世界范围内，每年约有3.5%的成人罹患与惊吓相关的疾病，因此研究惊吓的发生机制，并进行干预治疗对人民幸福和社会的发展意义重大。研究惊吓反应的动物模型有多种，其关注点不一，各有优势。我们关注单个神经元和突触联接水平的神经环路研究，因此选择斑马鱼作为实验模型具有以下优势：一方面斑马鱼神经系统体积小，我们在对斑马鱼神经系统进行大面积钙离子成像的同时可以进行多通道全细胞膜片钳记录；另一方面斑马鱼拥有易获性，繁殖迅速，基因工具强大等优势。这份申请中，我们会通过运用分子生物学，电生理学，离子成像学，病毒示踪学以及遗传学手段在斑马鱼模型上对惊吓反应行为在后脑和脊髓中的神经环路进行谱图研究，从基因-神经元-神经环路-行为学四个水平去探讨惊吓反应的发生机制。通过此研究，我们将会对控制惊吓反应行为的相关神经元类型，神经环路结构以及神经环路结构的分子机制方面进行研究，达到深层次解析惊吓反应行为发生机制的目的。

Around 3.5% of adult human being suffer from startle or startle related diseases in the world. Researches focusing on exploring the mechanisms and prevention of startle related diseases are necessary for the human well-being and social development. Many different experimental animal models are used on startle related researches. These animal models have both advantages and disadvantages due to the different purposes of their research angles. By utilizing zebrafish as a study model, we aim to decipher the neuronal circuit of startle response at the gene-neuron-circuit-behavior level. The zebrafish as a animal model has many advantages. On one hand, we can perform large-scale calcium imaging of zebrafish nervous system and meanwhile carry out paired patch-clamp recordings at the same time due to the small size of zebrafish. Also, zebrafish has many other superiorities such as high reproducibility, easy accessibility and powerful genetic modification tools. In the application, we will focus on mapping the neuronal circuit of startle behaviors in the hindbrain and spinal cord by applying series of state of art technologies, such as molecular biology, electrophysiology, functional imaging, virus tracing and genetic manipulation. Our goals are to find the neuronal types, the fundamental structure of neuronal circuit and the molecular mechanisms of neuronal circuit formation, of which are involved in the startle response. Eventually we want to decipher the mechanisms of the execution of startle response and to provide useful information dealing with startle related diseases.