多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）作为一类主要的添加型溴代阻燃剂，被广泛用于泡沫、塑料、纺织品和电子设备等工业生产中。由于其易于从工业产品表面释放到外界环境中，对人体健康存在潜在危害，商用PBDEs已先后于2009年和2017年列入斯德哥尔摩公约持久性有机污染物名录，其生产和使用受到严格管控。流行病学研究表明：PBDEs对人体尤其是儿童具有神经毒性，影响儿童智商和外化行为等，且其代谢产物OH-PBDEs对甲状腺激素的干扰作用更大。因此，研究我国儿童体内PBDEs和OH-PBDEs联合暴露特征具有重要意义，而国内在此方面的基础研究数据不足。大连作为PBDEs暴露高风险地区之一，研究当地儿童血清和典型动物源膳食中PBDEs和OH-PBDEs的联合暴露特征，探究典型动物源膳食种类和标志血清中PBDEs和OH-PBDEs暴露的动物源膳食中的指示物，对于评估PBDEs人体健康风险具有重要指导作用。

As a major class of additive flame retardants, PBDEs have been used in industrial production, including polyurethane foam, plastics, textiles and electrical equipment. Taken human health caused by leaching from consumer products to the surrounding environment into account, commercial PBDE have been subsequently listed as persistent organic pollutants in the Stockholm Convention in 2009 and 2017, in order to eliminate its production and use. As reported by epidemiologic studies, PBDEs have neurotoxicity, especially for children. They can influence intelligence quotient and externalizing behaviors, and OH-PBDEs exhibit stronger interference in thyroid hormones. Therefore, it is essential to research on the characteristics of PBDEs and OH-PBDEs exposure in children serum, but such related data is few. As reported, the children of Dalian had higher risk of PBDEs exposure, so it is essential for human health risk assessment to research on the characteristics of PBDEs and OH-PBDEs exposure in children serum and typical animal source foods, investigate the major animal source food that significantly effects the serum exposure to PBDEs and OH-PBDEs, and explore the indicator of PBDEs and OH-PBDEs in animal source foods.