兼具防水和透湿功能的膜材料是制造冲锋衣、野战军服等防护服装的核心材料，但如何同步提高膜材料的耐水渗透性、透湿性及力学性能是防水透湿膜材料的重要研究方向。为此，本项目拟逐步聚合法合成一种线形聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯（LSiPU），考察聚合反应路线及反应条件与LSiPU分子结构及相对分子质量间的内在关联，确立具有优异疏水性和可纺性的LSiPU的最佳合成条件；采用静电纺丝技术制备LSiPU纤维膜，研究纺丝原液性质及纺丝环境参数对聚合物溶液射流相分离过程的影响规律，探索聚硅氧烷链段在纤维表面自富集行为特点，明晰纤维膜的成型边界条件及纤维表面润湿性的调控规律，确立LSiPU纤维膜的可控制备方法；考察纤维框架结构对力学性能的影响规律，揭示纤维膜内部孔道结构特征与防水透湿性能间的参数关联，最终实现LSiPU纤维膜拉伸强度>20MPa、耐水渗透压力>150kPa、透湿通量>10000g/(m2·d)的目标。

Waterproof and breathable membranes are critical for fabricating protective garments, such as outdoor jackets and combat uniform; however, synchronously improving of the waterproofness breathability and mechanical properties of the membranes had became an important research area. Therefore, in this work, we plan to synthesize a liner polyurethane which modified by polysiloxane through step synthesis process, and LSiPU fibrous membranes would be fabricated via electrospinning progress. The detailed research process listed as follows, investigating the influence of synthesis route and conditions of polymerization on the molecular structure and molecular mass of LSiPU would be investigated, obtaining the optimum synthesis conditions of LSiPU with excellent hydrophobicity and spinnability, studying the effect of solutions characteristic and process parameters on the phase separation of polymer solution jet, exploring the self-enrichment behavior of polysiloxane chains onto the surface of LSiPU fibers, establishing the controllable fabrication method of LSiPU fibers with designed structure and wettability, evaluating the effect of fibrous frame structure on mechanical performance of the fibrous membranes, illuminating the relationship between porous structure characteristic and waterproof and breathable performances of the fibrous membranes, establishing the collaborative optimization mechanism of the waterproofness, breathability and mechanical strength. The final target of this work is to obtain LSiPU fibrous membranes with tensile strength over 20MPa，hydrostatic pressure over 150kPa and water vapor transmission rate over 10000g/(m2·d).