基于生物模板制备集成纳米贵金属催化剂的基础研究

具有多层次结构的、较大反应界面结构特征的集成纳米贵金属催化剂在活性与稳定性方面比传统催化剂更具优势。本项目基于生物模板制备核@壳（Core@Shell）和蛋黄@壳（Yolk@Shell）结构的集成纳米贵金属催化剂，首先探索利用生物模板制备贵金属和多孔氧化物纳米材料，着重揭示生物模板的组成与结构对多孔氧化物纳米材料结构的影响；其次，基于生物模板制备核@壳和蛋黄@壳结构的集成纳米贵金属催化剂，通过对贵金属@氧化物和贵金属-氧化物@氧化物的表征，探索集成纳米金属催化剂的结构调控规律，并研究集成纳米贵金属催化剂的组成、结构与催化性能的构效关系，为建立基于生物模板制备集成纳米贵金属催化剂的方法提供必要的理论基础。本项目将生物技术、纳米技术和催化剂工程结合起来，提出了一种制备贵金属催化剂的新方法，具有明显的创新性，也具有重要的潜在应用价值。

Integrated noble metal (NM) nanocatalysts with hierarchical structure and huge reactive interface are thought to be advantageous over traditional NM catalysts in catalytic activity and stability. On the basis of biotemplates, integrated NM nanocatalysts with core@shell and yolk@shell structures will be fabricated in this project. Firstly, biotemplated preparation of NM and porous oxide nanomaterials will be explored, aiming at elucidating the effect of the composition and structure of biotemplates on the structure of the porous oxide nanomaterials. Secondly, based on biotemplates, two types of integrated NM nanocatalysts, i.e. NM@oxides and NM-oxides@oxides, will be prepared. And structural modulation of integrated NM nanocatalysts will be explored while structure-activity relationship of the catalysts will be studied through the characterization of the NM@oxides and NM-oxides@oxides. This work aims at establishing the necessary theoretical basis for the preparation of biotemplated integrated NM nanocatalysts. By combining biotechnology, nanotechnology and catalyst engineering, the project is to establish a new method for preparing NM catalysts, which is remarkably innovative and of important academic and practical value.