基于洁净特征的中小型离散制造类企业工艺方案与环境影响关联建模及环境效益评估：以石材加工行业为例

The discrete manufacturing industries which are great quantity and spread broadly are one of the main sources of environmental problems in our country. The process scheme plays a decisive role in the environmental impact of their actual production process. There are always limitations of economic condition and lacks of green knowledge in process planning phase in the small and medium sized discrete manufacturing companies. Thus, it is a current research hotspot in the field of cleaner production theory at home and abroad to provide a methodology to evaluate the environmental impacts of scheme at the process plan phase. The core problem is how to extract the key green information from a large number of uncertain information and achieve the rapid evaluation, as well as offer the feedback and guidance for the process scheme. Surrounding the issue, this project intends to focus on the following researches：1) The concept of clean feature is put forward, and the different kinds of green information can be screened, identified and extracted in the process planning phase, and then the bridge between process scheme design domain and environmental impacts evaluation domain is built. 2) A method of obtaining the values of clean features is researched through classifying and mapping calculating the green information, in order to establish quantitative correlation relationships between the process scheme and the environmental impacts of production process. 3) The comprehensive evaluation index of production process environmental impacts efficiency——PPEIE is proposed to identified the comprehensive level of green performance of production process, which integrates multiple dimensions such as production function, economic cost and environmental impacts. And a PPEIE decision-making and optimization model is developed based on process planning elements, which can implements direct feedback for process scheme design and improvement. 4) The verification and development of tools will be done in combination with stone processing industry, which will also provide a demonstrated for the application and extension of the theories.

量大面广的离散制造行业是我国环境问题的主要来源之一，其工艺方案对实际生产过程的绿色性起着决定作用。面向中小型离散制造类企业在经济条件和工艺规划阶段绿色知识方面的限制，如何在大量不确定信息中提取关键绿色信息，并快速进行环境影响评价，进而反馈和指导工艺方案的设计已成为当前清洁生产理论研究的热点。围绕该问题本项目拟研究：1）提出洁净特征概念的数学模型，在工艺规划阶段筛选、识别、提取各种绿色信息，构建工艺方案“设计域”与生产过程环境影响“评价域”之间的桥梁。2）研究绿色信息分类推送、并映射计算获得洁净特征值的方法，实现工艺方案与生产过程环境影响的量化关联。3）集成成本、功能、环境三个维度，提出环境效益评估指标PPEIE，识别工艺方案综合效益水平；建立以规划要素为变量的PPEIE决策优化模型，实现对工艺方案规划的反馈和改进。4）结合石材加工行业进行应用验证和工具开发，为理论的应用和推广进行示范。

量大面广的离散制造过程是我国环境问题的主要来源，其工艺方案对生产过程的绿色性起着决定作用。项目面向中小型离散制造类企业在经济条件和工艺规划阶段绿色信息方面的局限性，研究了如何在大量不确定信息中提取关键绿色信息，并快速进行环境评价的方法。项目具体开展了以下研究工作：1）构建了洁净特征的概念，实现了在工艺规划阶段筛选、识别、提取各种绿色信息，建立了工艺方案“设计域”与生产过程环境影响“评价域”之间的桥梁。2）研究了绿色信息分类推送、并映射计算获得洁净特征值的方法，实现了工艺方案与生产过程环境影响的量化关联。3）建立了基于直觉模糊数和蒙特卡洛分析的不确定数据处理模型，将模块化理论与洁净特征模型结合，提出了一种不确定信息环境下面向生产工艺方案规划的洁净特征模型的快速生成方法；4）集成成本、功能、环境三个维度，提出环境效益评估指标PPELE，实现了工艺方案综合效益水平的识别；建立了以规划要素为变量的PPELE决策优化模型，提出了基于BP神经网络的绿色敏感性分析方法，实现了对工艺方案规划的反馈和改进，解决了关于工艺设计信息反馈理论方法不足的问题。本项目面向生产工艺方案设计阶段提出了基于洁净特征的生产过程绿色性描述及建模方法，探索了对工艺规划过程及方案中有限、关键信息的描述机制，进而揭示工艺方案规划对企业生产过程环境影响行为的作用规律，具有一定的普适性科学研究价值；另外，科学集成经济成本和生产功能等多重维度，并建立了合理有效、适用性强的生产工艺方案环境效益评估理论及方法；基于以上理论研究，开发了一套面向石材加工企业的绿色评价系统，项目的部分研究成果在石材加工行业中进行了实施应用。

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