随着我国大气污染控制与能源结构的改变，颗粒物污染越来越表现为细粒子和超细颗粒物（ultrafine particles,UFPs）的污染。颗粒物是空气污染引发心血管事件的重要启动因子。占空气中颗粒物数量60%的UFPs 可能是颗粒物的关键致毒组分，其健康效应目前主要集中在污染水平较低的发达国家开展的环境流行病学研究，发生机制研究尚未开展。本项目拟在前期开展的UFPs监测结果基础上，结合纳米毒理学的研究成果，采集真实环境中的大气UFPs样品，利用环境相关疾病导向性分子毒理学方法，以动脉粥样硬化疾病模型小鼠为研究对象，采用颗粒物数浓度通过吸入滴注暴露方式开展实验室模拟暴露研究。本项目拟以硝化应激对血管外膜脂联素分泌水平的影响为切入点，利用体内外实验相结合观察UFPs长期呼吸暴露促进动脉粥样硬化疾病的发生发展过程及其发生机制，为UFPs污染防控提供基础实验数据。

With the control of air pollution and the change of energy structure in China, particulate pollution is more and more polluted by fine particles and ultrafine particles (ultrafine particles, UFPs). Particulate pollution is an important factor to cardiovascular events. Accounting for 60% of the number of particles in the air，UFPs may be the key toxic components of particles and the health effects mainly concentrated on environmental epidemiology research in developed countries with low pollution level at present and mechanism research has not been carried out. On the basis of UFPs monitoring results carried out earlier and nano-toxicology research achievements in our previous study, this project will collect UFPs samples in real environment atmospheric, using atherosclerotic disease model mice as the research object by inhalation exposure infusion way at the particle number concentration with molecular toxicology methods of environment related diseases to carry out laboratory simulation exposure. This study will take nitrosative stress on adiponectin secretion by vascular adventitia as the key point, to observe the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic disease on the whole animal after UFPs long-term respiratory exposure and elucidate the mechanism of the pathogenesis and the organism response in vivo and vitro to provide basic experimental data for UFPs pollution prevention and control.