农地规模经营研究：驱动机理、绩效评价、政策设计

随着中国经济持续稳定增长和农业现代化加快推进，农地规模经营发展必将越来越迅速。本研究对农地规模经营的驱动机理、绩效评价和政策设计进行了深度剖析。首先，在总结国际经验基础上，将农地规模经营涉及的所有利益相关者纳入研究，从全国及省级层面、村级层面、规模经营主体层面和农户层面全面把握我国农地规模经营的现状，基于空间计量模型和经济计量模型揭示农地规模经营的驱动机理。其次，将规模经营主体和普通农户纳入统一的分析框架，基于经济计量模型和农场生物—经济模型综合评价农地规模经营的经济、社会和环境绩效，尤其关注规模经营是否更有效率？规模经营是否威胁粮食安全？规模经营是否损害了农民权益？规模经营是否真正可以缓解环境问题？等等。最后，从农村土地制度、农业经营制度、新型职业农民、政府政策引导等四个方面进行制度和政策创新，提出与我国当前农村经济发展阶段特征相匹配的农地规模经营普适性和差别化政策设计。

With steady economic growth and the acceleration of agricultural modernization in China, the development of large-scale farming will be increasingly rapid. This study makes an in-depth analysis of large-scale farming regarding the driving mechanisms, performance assessment and policy design. First of all, on the basis of the international experience, including all the stakeholders involved in large-scale farming, this study analyses the status quo and explores the driving mechanisms of large-scale farming in China at national, provincial, village, large-scale farmer as well as traditional farm household level applying spatial econometric model and econometric model. Secondly, this study incorporates large-scale farmers and traditional farm households into a unified analytical framework, and assesses economic, social and environmental impacts of large-scale farming using econometric model and bio-economic farm model. In particular, this study aims at answering the following questions: Large-scale farming is more efficient? Large-scale farming is a threat to food security? Does large-scale farming damage the rights and interests of traditional farm households? Can large-scale farming alleviate environmental problems? Finally, from aspects of rural land institution, agricultural management system, professional farmers and government policy guidance, this study puts forward universal and differential policy design regarding large-scale farming that matches the current stage of rural economic development in China.