基于数理方法学探究导电材料特性对产甲烷电群落发育代谢的影响机制

在厌氧体系中引入导电材料，可诱导产甲烷电群落形成，加速产甲烷菌群生长代谢，是极具潜力的一种厌氧产能强化策略。明晰导电材料关键特性因素在复杂混菌厌氧体系中对产甲烷电群落发育和代谢的影响机制，是充分发掘导电材料促进潜能所需解决的关键问题。针对该问题，本项目引入数理方法学的思想理念和分析工具，在统计学可控的模式厌氧生物膜体系中开展以下研究：定量解析导电载体特性与生物膜产甲烷活性之间的构效关系，甄别影响导电载体促进效能的关键特性因素；基于构效模型定向优化载体材料并进行促进效能评估；从生物膜原位结构、微生物群落组成和菌群代谢功能层面分析由不同导电载体材料诱导发育的产甲烷电群落的组成和代谢功能，并利用模拟仿真工具推测电群落的动态发育过程、能量代谢网络和电子传递通路，以此综合解析导电材料特性的影响机制。相关结果可为深入探索导电材料的原位促进机制奠定基础，并为复杂群落情境下的类似研究提供新的思路和方法。

Conductive materials (CMs) in anaerobic digestion systems are able to induce the formation of methanogenic electrically-connected microbial communities (e-communities) and accelerate the growth and metabolism of methanogens. Therefore, introducing CMs is a promising strategy for enhancing the energy recovery efficiency of anaerobic systems. There is a great need to determine the influencing mechanism of CMs properties on the evolution and metabolism of e-communities, because it provides key information for fully exploring the enhancing effects of CMs on anaerobic digestion process. Some concepts and tools of mathematical methodology are introduced in this project in order to investigate the above issue, and following researches are conducted in a statistically controllable model anerobic biofilm system: Quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis is carried out between the characteristics of conductive carriers and the methanogenic activities of biofilms, and the key characteristic factors that affect the promotion effect of CMs are screened out; the characteristics of CMs are optimized based on the prediction of the structure-activity model and the promotion effectiveness of the optimum CMs are evaluated; the composition and metabolism function of methanogenic e-communities are analyzed successively on the levels of in-situ biofilm, microbial community and metabolic function of methanogens, the dynamic evolution process, the energy metabolism network and the electron flux of e-communities are speculated using the simulating tools, and the influencing mechanisms of CMs properties are analyzed. The results of this project serve as a theoretical basis for further investigation of the stimulating mechanisms of CMs, and provide new ideas and methods for researches in similar scenarios.