类金刚石复合结构薄膜构筑及其海洋防污与光学增透协同调控机制研究

生物污损造成海洋光学装备光传输损耗和可靠性降低是水下勘探和侦测面临的关键问题，兼具防污和光增透的材料研究是解决该问题的重要保障，生物防污分子过程和光学增透协同机制的理解是开发防污增透一体化材料的理论基础。类金刚石（DLC）薄膜具有抗微生物附着、光学带隙可调和耐腐蚀等综合性能，是极具应用潜力的新型海洋工程材料。本项目拟设计和制备环境友好防污增透多层薄膜（FDLC/Camphor-DLC/FDLC），研究释放型和驱杀型协同防污机制对表面吸附条件膜中糖蛋白和多糖分子构象及后续细菌/硅藻从黏附、移动、聚集到生物膜形成的交互作用规律，建立动态生物污损相关的光学色散模型。揭示DLC多层膜在海洋环境下的结构和界面衍变对生物污损和光学性能的调节机制，构建薄膜微观结构-海洋防污-光学增透三者间构效关系，阐明抑制生物污损和调节折射率与带边吸收的关键材料因素，为海洋光学装备防污增透材料的研发及应用提供基础数据。

A major problem that arises from extended developments of oceanographic exploration and monitoring is the marine fouling of the optical underwater instruments. Occurrence of biofouling affects the continued successful optical transmission and related sensitivity and accuracy. To achieve long-term underwater services of transparent devices, it is therefore a prerequisite that any antifouling surfaces must simultaneously possess appropriate light transmittance. Understanding of cooperative mechanisms of marine antifouling and optical transmittance enhancement is essential for developing transparent antifouling materials. Diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is a novel promising engineering material for marine application due to its excellent comprehensive properties such as antifouling, tunable optical band gap and corrosion resistance. This project involves design, construction and fabrication of multilayer diamond-like carbon films (FDLC/Camphor-DLC/FDLC) and related antifouling mechanisms of "fouling-release" and "fouling-repellent". Formation feature and conformation of conditioning film by adsorption of the polysaccharide and glycoprotein will be visualized and interpreted. Influence of the conditioning film on adhesion, motility, colonization and biofilm formation of the individual bacterium/diatom will be disclosed. The dispersion functions of the FDLC/Camphor-DLC/FDLC films at different stages of the dynamic biofouling process are to be established. Further discussion will also be made on interface evolution mechanisms of DLC multilayer films in marine environment and subsequent antifouling and optical properties. Results gained from this project will clarify at molecular level the relationships among microstructure of multilayer diamond-like carbon films, antifouling and optical transmission. Through interpretation of the key material parameters and understanding of the influence of multilayer microstructure on biofilm evolvement, refractive index and band edge absorption properties, this research is aimed to provide fundamental insights into R&D and applications of antifouling surfaces with appropriate optical properties.