种子吸胀是正常萌发的前提，经历从吸水到胚根突破种皮的形态和生理变化复杂过程。线粒体作为细胞进行营养物质代谢和能量合成的重要细胞器，其正常的发育和功能是维持种子生命活动、保证种子萌发的关键因素。劣变导致活性氧积累并损伤线粒体的生理功能，但在种子吸胀代谢活化过程中线粒体的生物发生及其抗氧化生理调控机制尚不清楚。本项目以不同活力水平紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）种子在吸胀不同阶段的胚轴为试验材料，研究线粒体形态与超微结构变化、活性氧水平、电子传递链复合体与AsA-GSH循环抗氧化作用关系，分析比较线粒体差异蛋白与基因的表达规律以及相关代谢途径，以期掌握劣变苜蓿种子吸胀过程中线粒体发育和形态变化规律，解析关键基因调控线粒体抗氧化代谢响应的分子机制，为揭示种子的劣变机理提供理论依据。

Seed imbibition, a complicated process to advance gradually in due order, is associated with morphological and physiological changes from water absorption to radicle extension. Mitochondrion is considered as the important cell organelle for nutrient metabolism and energy synthesis. The normal development and functions of mitochondria are regarded as a key factor that maintains seed living actions and seed germination. Seed deterioration can cause the reactive oxygen species accumulation which will injure the physiological function of mitochondria. However, it’s still not clear about the regulatory mechanism for the mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant physiology during seed imbibition as metabolic activity. In this experiment, embryo axis cut in different vigour level of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seeds treated with the controlled deterioration are adopted as the samples from different imbibed phases. The researches focus on the changes of mitochondrial morphology and functions, levels of reactive oxygen species, relations between electron transport system compounds and antioxidant AsA-GSH system, and bioinformatics analysis for expressed rules and metabolic pathways of the differential proteins and genes in mitochondria. The objectives are to reveal the rules of mitochondria formation and development, and to analyze molecular mechanism of critical genes regulated the metabolic responses for mitochondrial antioxidation in the imbibed alfalfa seeds after controlled deterioration. It could be provided the theory evidences for the exploration of seed deterioration mechanism.