基于宏组学研究赣南离子型稀土尾矿不同典型修复植物对根际土壤微生态的影响

赣南稀土无序开采导致植被破坏、水土流失等问题，给生态环境造成巨大危害。近年来，通过植物修复等途径的综合治理使废弃尾矿的生态系统得到一定程度的修复，其中土壤根际微生物发挥着重要作用。本研究拟从龙南足洞离子型稀土矿植物修复较为成功的典型尾矿区取样，分析不同年龄修复植物根际土壤的养分、酶活等因子；通过基于高通量测序的宏基因组学和基于质谱分析的宏蛋白质组学相结合的技术分析根际土壤微生物群落结构及功能，研究不同修复植物的种类对根际微生物活动的影响，以期揭示微生物在植物修复过程中所起的作用。通过比较不同修复土壤的根际微生物生态效应，从土壤中分离出植物根际促生菌以及功能蛋白，从而进一步加强植物-微生物联合修复，为加快赣南稀土矿区生态重建过程土壤改良提供科学依据和方法思路。

Many ecological problems including vegetation destruction and erosion have been brought by disorderly mining rare earth ores in Ganzhou, causing serious environmental damages. Recently, ecosystems in mine tailing areas are being regulated by kinds of remediation methods like plant remediation, in which rhizosphere microbes play important roles. This project will analyze rhizosphere soil nutrients and enzyme activities, and microbial communities and functions by using high throughput sequencing-based metagenomics and mass spectrometry-based metaproteomics technologies, respectively. The soil samples will be collected from typically successful phytoremediation Zudong mining tailing areas in Longnan county, etc. The effects of different phytoremediation plants on rhizosphere microbial activities will be analyzed to discover the functions that microbes play during phytoremediation. By comparing the ecological effects of rhizosphere microbes from different phytoemediation soil samples, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and functional proteins might be found and isolated, and plant-microbe associated remediation would further be enhanced, providing scientific evidences and new ideas for facilitating soil improvement during ecological reconstruction in Gannan rare earth mine tailings.