着丝粒是直接参与真核生物有丝与减数分裂过程中染色体分离的重要功能元件，因此，在细胞分裂及基因组倍性演化中扮演着重要角色。但着丝粒DNA主要由重复序列组成且物种间呈高度变异，因此，现有测序技术以及比较基因组等方法难以获得其完整信息。这也导致现有已测序物种着丝粒序列的缺失，同时也阻碍了着丝粒演化及基因组多倍化等机制的深入研究与揭示。甘蔗是重要糖料作物，甘蔗属物种丰富的倍性差异是倍性演化研究的优良材料。本课题拟以不同甘蔗种材料为对象，采用着丝粒特异组蛋白染色质免疫沉淀并结合高通量测序（ChIP-seq）方法，发掘不同甘蔗着丝粒DNA；解析不同甘蔗着丝粒DNA的组成与结构；通过比较分析，揭示甘蔗着丝粒演化形成的机制；并探索甘蔗多倍化进程线索。本研究希望通过着丝粒序列的发掘与分析，为甘蔗基因组测序提供着丝粒部分信息，为甘蔗多倍化及现代甘蔗品种高倍性遗传（如2n+n）机制的揭示提供线索。

Centromere is an essential functional unit which is responsible for the faithful separation of chromosome during cell division in eukaryotes. Thus, centromere plays an important role in cell division and polyploidization. Centromeric DNA is composed of repetitive sequences, which are highly variable among different species. It thus causes the isolation and sequencing of whole centromere DNA remaining a challenge by current sequencing technologies and other approaches such as comparative analysis. The centromere DNAs remains a gap in most published genome references. This situation also causes the enigma of mechanism of centromere biology. Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop in the world. The highly diversed polyploid level for different sugarcanes provide us excellent materials for the study of genome polyploidization. In this study, we will conduct the isolation of centromeric DNAs from different sugarcane species using the method of chromatin immunoprecipitation against CENH3 which is a centromeric specific histone. We will explore the mechanism of centromeric evolution and polyploidization in sugarcane. The results will provide database for the genome assembly of sugarcane as well as the mechanisms of polyploidization and female restitution (2n+n) in modern sugarcane breeding.