乡村振兴战略背景下的新疆绿洲乡村聚落布局优化研究

绿洲乡村聚落空间特征及其影响因素是干旱区自然环境变迁与社会经济发展时空属性和规模的地域表达。以塔里木盆地北缘典型绿洲为研究对象，解析绿洲乡村聚落空间特征，从乡（镇）尺度分析自然与人文要素对乡村聚落空间特征的影响；从结构与功能角度出发，构建绿洲乡村聚落系统评价指标体系，对聚落变化及发展趋势进行评价；从聚落系统模式出发，依据乡村振兴战略的总要求和目标，构建绿洲乡村聚落系统优化模式。研究旨在揭示绿洲乡村聚落的空间特征及其驱动机制，通过优化聚落系统结构与功能，服务于绿洲聚落资源利用、社会经济发展和文化交融，推动新型城镇化和新农村建设，促进绿洲聚落转型与合理规划布局，为新疆丝绸之路经济带核心区、南疆新农村建设和乡村振兴战略实施提供决策支持，为实现全面小康提供科学依据。

Oasis rural settlement spatial pattern and its influence factors can reflect territorial space-time characteristics and scale of rural natural environment change and social economic development. Taking typical oases of northern margin of the Tarim basin as research object, this research will try to study the spatial characteristics and the influences of natural and cultural factors on the spatial characteristics of rural settlements in rural (town) scale. Establishing evaluation index system of oasis rural settlement based on structure and function, this research will evaluate evolvement and development tendency of oasis rural settlement. With the principle of beautiful countryside, the spatial structure optimization model will be established according to the general requirements and objectives the strategy of rural vitalization. The research aims to reveal on oasis rural settlement spatial structure and its driving mechanisms, and serve resource utilization of oasis settlement, economic development and cultural integration, drive the new urbanization and new rural construction, promote transformation of oasis settlement and rational planning layout by optimizing the structure and function of oasis rural settlement system, finally provide decision support for new rural construction of Xinjiang silk road economic belt core area and the strategy of rural vitalization implementation, provide a scientific basis for the realization of a well-off society in an all-round way.