面向片上光互连的硅基亚波长光栅器件研究

片上光互连具有高传输带宽、低损耗低串扰、低延迟、低功耗等特点，能满足数据中心和高性能计算机中多核多处理器间高速通信的发展需求。硅基亚波长光栅器件的折射率可灵活调节、光学非线性效应低、光传输损耗低、工作带宽大、尺寸更紧凑，非常适用于硅基片上光互连的高带宽低损耗高密度集成的要求。本项目拟开展基于硅基亚波长光栅的新型波导的基础研究，围绕硅基亚波长光栅波导中光场传输机理、硅基亚波长光栅器件中的光场调控及模式/偏振/波长耦合机理、无波导交叉的严格无阻塞光路由的实现原理、硅基亚波长光栅器件大规模单片集成的结构兼容性及全局优化等核心科学技术问题进行研究；研制基于硅基亚波长光栅的波长/偏振/模式复用解复用器件及其严格无阻塞光路由集成芯片，并进行高速光互连系统测试。本项目提出的基于硅基亚波长光栅的严格无阻塞光路由方案具有无波导交叉、可扩展性强的特征，可望促进高节点数的片上光互连的发展。

On-chip optical interconnects can potentially bring revolutionary changes to computing system architectures. Compared to electrical interconnects, optical interconnects provide (1) higher transmission bandwidth, (2) lower loss and crosstalk, (3) lower latency, and (4) low lower energy consumption. Silicon sub-wavelength grating devices have great potential for silicon on-chip optical interconnects with high bandwidth, low loss and high-density integration, due to its novel approach to tailoring the effective index and achieving low optical nonlinear effect, low loss, high bandwidth and compact footprint. The main purpose of this project is to study new silicon sub-wavelength grating waveguides, wavelength/polarization and mode (de)multiplexers based on the silicon sub-wavelength grating, and corresponding silicon non-blocking optical routers with no waveguide crossings. To achieve these, some planned studies will be carried out: optical transmission mechanism and selective coupling mechanism in wavelength/polarization and mode domains in the silicon sub-wavelength grating devices, and design/fabrication/measurement and system demonstration of silicon-integrated non-blocking optical routers with no waveguide crossings. The proposed silicon non-blocking optical routers employing sub-wavelength grating have the advantages of no waveguide crossings and high scalability, which provide a promissing scheme for next generation ultra-large nodes on-chip optical interconnects.