随着爆破新技术的不断涌现和应用领域的持续拓展，乳化炸药在工程应用和机理研究方面仍然面临着诸多问题。针对传统乳化炸药存在的高能敏感、动压减敏和爆轰能量不易调控等难题，本项目拟以敏化剂设计为突破口，采用悬浮聚合法制备出系列结构与性能可控的乳化炸药功能微囊，通过将功能材料封装于微米级微囊中，实现其改变物质表面性质、提高储存稳定性和控制释放速率等独特功能；采用光谱仪、热电偶和基于FEM方法的数值模拟技术，研究冲击加载下功能微囊温度变化规律，揭示其在乳化基质中的“热点”形成机理和抗动压减敏机理；采用空中和水下爆炸实验平台、爆轰波光学测试系统和基于SPH-FEM方法的数值模拟技术，探究功能微囊的能量调控机制及其敏化乳化炸药的爆轰机理；采用热分析和感度测试设备，研究功能微囊敏化乳化炸药的热稳定性和感度，从微观层面上揭示其刺激响应机理。此研究将为乳化炸药的配方设计和能量调控提供新的思路和理论基础。

With the continuous emergence of new blasting technologies and the sustained development of application fields, there are many problems still exist in the engineering application and mechanism research of emulsion explosives. For the traditional emulsion explosives, there are problems such as high energy but sensitive, desensitization with dynamics pressure and difficult to control detonation energy, this project plans to solve these problems by setting the design of sensitizer as the breakthrough point, and a series of emulsion explosive functional microcapsules with controlled structure and performance are developed by suspension polymerization method, which can change the surface properties, improve the storage stability and control the release rate by capsulating functional materials in a micron-sized microcapsule; the temperature variation laws of functional microcapsules under impact loading are studied using spectrometer, thermocouples and numerical simulation technique with FEM method, and mechanisms of “hot spots” formation and resistance to dynamic pressure in emulsion matrix will be revealed; mechanisms of energy regulation and detonation reaction of functional microcapsules and their related emulsion explosives are investigated using air blast and underwater explosion experimental platforms, detonation wave optical test system and numerical simulation technology based on SPH-FEM method; the thermal stabilities and sensitivities of emulsion explosives sensitized with functional microcapsules are studied using thermal analysis and sensitivity testing equipment, and the stimulus response mechanism is revealed at a micro level. This study will provide a new idea and theoretical basis for the formulation design and energy regulation of emulsion explosives.