舰船复杂板架结构弹性波动力学特性研究

船体结构的动力特性以及动力响应在船体结构中的传递和衰减特性，是船舶结构减振降噪领域关心的重要基础科学问题。本项目基于弹性波动理论，根据船体典型板架结构，分别建立一维耦合梁模型和准一维耦合平板模型以及二维正交加筋平板模型，探究船舶典型板架结构中弹性波的传递特性与固有模态的形成机理以及弹性波的衰减特性与带隙现象的形成机理之间的内在关系。开展模型等效化研究，探究结构动力分析的模型等效原则和等效方法；根据等效简化模型，开展船舶典型板架结构弹性波传递和衰减特性的参数化影响研究，基于船舶典型周期结构的带隙特性，提出结构减振降噪新理念。主要研究研究内容包括：1)船舶不同局部板架结构弹性波动力学耦合效应研究；2)船舶平面板架结构频谱特性计算方法研究；3)船舶甲板板架结构弹性波传递与结构空间阻尼特性研究；4)船舶典型空间板架结构弹性波波形转换与反射透射特性研究；5)船舶典型板架结构弹性波动力学试验研究。

The dynamic characteristics of the hull structure and the transmission and attenuation characteristics of the dynamic response in the hull structure are important basic scientific issues in the field of ship structure vibration and noise reduction. Based on elastic waves theory, one-dimensional coupled beam model and quasi-one-dimensional coupled plate model and two-dimensional orthogonal stiffened plate were established respectively in the light of elastic-wave dynamic responds characteristics of ship’s typical plate structure in different waveguide modes which were used to explore the intrinsic relationship between the transfer characteristics of elastic waves and the formation mechanism of natural modes in the typical slab structure of ships as well as elastic wave attenuation characteristics and the formation mechanism of band gap phenomena. Model equivalence research was carried out to explore the model equivalence principle and equivalent method of structural dynamic analysis; According to the equivalent simplified model, the parametric influence of the elastic wave transmission and attenuation characteristics of the typical slab structure of the ship was studied. Based on the band gap characteristics of the typical periodic structure of the ship, a new concept of structural vibration reduction and noise reduction was proposed, which provided theoretical basis for the study of low-noise structural forms and design methods for surface ships. The main research contents include: 1) research on elastic wave dynamic coupling effect of different partial plate structures of ships; 2) research on calculation method of spectral characteristics of ship flat plate structure; 3) study on elastic wave transfer and structural spatial damping characteristics of ship deck structure ; 4) Research on elastic wave waveform conversion and reflection transmission characteristics of typical space plate structure of ship; 5) Experimental study on elastic wave dynamics of typical ship frame structure.