基于碳纳米管空穴传输层和电极的反式钙钛矿太阳电池的研究

基于杂化钙钛矿太阳电池效率自2009年从3.8%增长到19.6%, 因其较高的光吸收系数，较低的成本及易于制备等优势获得了广泛关注。碳纳米管具有高迁移率的“直线”空穴传输通道、可作透明导电电极等特性。本项目拟采用CNT为空穴传输及电极材料，CH3NH3PbX3作为吸收材料，碳60衍生物(PCBM)作为电子传输材料，建立CNT/CH3NH3PbX3/PCBM/Al反式钙钛矿太阳电池模型，进行系统研究。利用氧化石墨烯特殊的结构及优异的空穴传输性能，还将建立CNT-GO/CH3NH3PbX3/PCBM/Al电池模型， CNT与GO复合，对电子-空穴对的分离及空穴快速传输将起协同加速效应。研究电池的结构与光电性能的关系，电池环境稳定性和光稳定性，光电转换机理和载流子输运机理。通过对电池的系统研究、工艺优化，有望获得寿命稳定、高效低廉的太阳能电池，为钙钛矿太阳电池的应用开发提供理论和实验基础。

The efficiency of solar cells based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials has a rapid growth from 3.8% in 2009 to 19.3%. The perovskite material (CH3NH3PbX3) exhibits advantages of high absorbing coefficient, low cost, and easily synthesised, which achieved extremely rapid development in recent years and gain great concern from the academic circle. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and unique nanostructure, have been applied as electrodes in CdTe, dye sensitized solar cells, and organic solar cells. Not only did the CNT electrode show comparable performance to conventional architectures, it also provided the solar cell with more features such as flexibility and semi-transparency for tandem solar cells. The recent development of silicon/CNTs solar cells revealed the advantages of CNTs over metallic grids, due to the better local charge collection of the nanometer-scale networks and tunable electrical properties with chemical doping. Here we introduce a facile perovskite solar cell fabrication technique by directly transferring CNT films, exempting the energy-consuming metal deposition process. Herein, Carbon nanotubes is first introduced into the inverted heterojunction perovskite solar cell as a hole conductor and electrode，employing CH3NH3PbX3 as absorber. The charge transfer between CNTs and the perovskite, morphology and crystallization of the perovskite film grown on CNTs are also investigated. The addition of the hole transporter grapheme oxide (GO) will improved the efficiency of cells of PET/CNT/CH3NH3PbX3/PCBM/Al, for the synergistic action of CNTs and GO. Thus, the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials which have a stable conductors, lower cost and high efficiency should be obtained.