吉兰-巴雷综合征（Guillain–Barré syndrome，GBS）是神经科最常见且最严重的急性麻痹性自身免疫性周围神经病。外泌体源性的miRNAs在神经免疫系统具有广泛的生物学特性和靶向特异性，且具有良好的抗降解能力，因此目前被认为是最有可能的生物标记物和治疗靶点。本研究有三个目的：①在临床诊断为GBS的病人中验证筛选的外泌体源性的miRNA生物标记物。②利用GBS动物模型筛选可能的外泌体源性的miRNA生物标记物。③在GBS动物模型中探索外泌体源性miRNA的治疗作用。我们希望能够在血浆和脑脊液中筛选出3-5个特异性的外泌体源性miRNA标记物，用于GBS病人的早期诊断，并找到利用外泌体源性miRNA治疗GBS病人的新方法。

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common and most severe acute paralytic autoimmune peripheral neuropathy in neurology. The current diagnosis depends mainly on clinical manifestations, electrophysiology and cerebrospinal fluid examination. Lack of specific diagnostic indicators is seriously affecting the patient's early diagnosis and prognosis. In addition, the current treatment of the disease is reducing the symptoms and supportive. No specific treatment is available so far. It is therefore necessary to find new biomarkers for early diagnosis and specific methods for effective treatment. Exosomal miRNAs have a wide range of biological properties and targeted specificity in the nervous system and have good resistance to degradation, therefore they are considered to be the most likely biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study has three purposes: ①Screening for exosomal miRNA biomarkers in patients with GBS; And②Screening of possible exosomal miRNA biomarkers using the GBS animal models. ③To explore the therapeutic effect of exosomal miRNAs in GBS animal models. We hope 3-5 specific exosomal miRNA biomarkers in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid can be screened out for early diagnosis of GBS patients and to find new ways to treat GBS patients with exosomal miRNAs.