位于青藏高原东部的牦牛坪矿床是世界上最重要的超大型碳酸岩型REE矿床之一。前人对该矿床的碳酸岩-正长岩杂岩成因、矿床地质、流体演化及成矿等进行了系统研究，取得重要进展，但REE超常富集机制仍不清楚。我们最近对全球岩浆碳酸岩地球化学及含矿性的对比发现，牦牛坪稀土矿床的REE超常富集可能与两个关键过程相关: (1)岩浆源区地幔交代富集过程；(2)岩浆系统流体出溶过程，但详细过程尚未得到充分阐释。本项目将在前人研究基础上，针对以往研究的薄弱环节，拟采用B同位素和惰性气体同位素、单个流体包裹体LA-ICPMS原位直测技术等，选择牦牛坪矿区碳酸岩-正长岩杂岩体及平衡结晶矿物、岩浆-热液演化各阶段的脉石和矿石矿物，开展系统的多种同位素联测和化学成分原位分析，深入探索成矿碳酸岩REE来源与地幔源区交代富集特征，追踪岩浆流体出溶过程中REE元素迁移-富集过程及控制因素，为构建REE成矿模型奠定坚实基础。

Abstract: Maoniuping REE giant deposit is located in the eastern margin of the Tibet. The genesis of the carbonatite-syenite complex, characteristics of the deposits, evolution of hydrothermal fluids and mechanism of the REE deposit have been systematically studied. However, the controls on REE enrichments are still unclear. Recently, based on the studies on the carbonatites in the world and their potentials for REE formation, two processes could be concluded：(1) metasomatism in carbonatited mantle;(2) dissolution of fluids from carbonatite-syenite complex melts. But detailes also needed to eluminate two processes. According to the studies obtained, B isotopes, noble gases isotopes and LA-ICP-MS for single fluid inclusion examination are employeed for further analysis focusing on the weakness of the previous studies. Also, carbonatite-syenite complex, minerals formed under balance fractional crystallization, gangues minerals and REE minerals will be sampled for multiple analysis. Then, origin of REE in the carbonatite-syenite complex and the process of metasomatism in carbonatited mantle could be speculated. Furthermore, REE tranfering and enrichement during the evolution from magma to hydrothermal fluids could be traced. Finally, based on all data and results obtained before with regards to the formation of Maoniuping REE deposit, a synthesis of mineralization styles with an integrated genetic model of carbonatite-syenite-hosted REE deposits in theMaoniuping doposit, the eastern Tibetan Plateau, southwestern China could be set up.